Abstract
The toxicity of neem seed kernel extracts prepared with different solvents against the predatory spider,Chiracanthium mildei L. Koch, was investigated. The order of toxicity of the 4% extracts was pentane < acetone < ethanol << methanol = water (nontoxic). All extracts were nontoxic at 2.5%.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Chiu, S.F. (1985) Recent research findings on Meliaceae and other promising botanical insecticides in China.Z. PflKrankh. PflSchutz 92:310–319.
Chu, Y.I., Ho, C.C. and Chen, B.J. (1975) Relative toxicity of some insecticides to green rice leafhopper, brown planthopper and their predatorLycosa pseudoannulata.Pl. Prot. Bull. Taiwan 17:423–430. (Chinese, with English summary)
Hellpap, C. (1985) Populationsökologie und biologisch-biotechnische Bekämpfung vonSpodoptera spp. in Nicaragua. Ph.D. thesis, Universities of Frankfurt/M and Giessen, FRG.
Joshi, B.G., Ramaprasad, G. and Sitaramaiah, S. (1982)Effect of a neem seed kernel suspension onTelenomus remus, an egg parasite ofSpodoptera litura.Phytoparasitica 10:61–63.
Ketkar, C.M. (1976) Final technical report. “Utilization of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) and its by-products.” Directorate of Non-Edible Oils & Soap Industry, Khadi & Village Industries Commission, Bombay.
Mansour, F.A. and Ascher, K.R.S. (1983) Effects of neem (Azadirachta indica) seed kernel extracts from different solvents on the carmine spider mite,Tetranychus cinnabarinus.Phytoparasitica 11:177–185.
Mansour, F., Rosen, D., Plaut, H.N. and Shulov, A. (1981) Effect of commonly used pesticides onChiracanthium mildei and other spiders occurring on apple.Phytoparasitica 9:139–144.
Mansour, F., Rosen, D. and Shulov, A. (1980) A survey of spider populations (Araneae) in sprayed and unsprayed apple orchards in Israel and their ability to feed on larvae ofSpodoptera littoralis (Boisd.).Acta oecol., Oecol. appl. 1:189–197.
Mansour, F. and Whitcomb, H.W. (1984) Spiders as Biological Control Agents of Agricultural Pests. Final report. BARD project No. 1-2-79, Bet Dagan, Israel, (mimeo.)
Riechert, S.E. and Lockley, T. (1984) Spiders as biological control agents.A. Rev. Ent. 29:288–320.
Saxena, R.C., Epino, P.B., Tu, C.W. and Puma, B.C. (1984) Neem, chinaberry and custard apple: antifeedant and insecticidal effects of seed oils on leafhopper and plant- hopper pests of rice.Proc. 2nd Int. Neem Conf. (Rauischholzhausen, FRG, 1983). pp. 403-412.
Saxena, R.C., Waldbauer, N.J. and Puma, B.C. (1981) Effect of neem seed oil on the rice leaf folder,Cnaphalocrocis medinalis.Proc. 1st Int. Neem Conf. (Rottach-Egern, FRG, 1980), pp. 189-203.
Schmutterer, H. and Ascher, K.R.S. [Eds.] (1984) Natural Pesticides from the Neem Tree and Other Tropical Plants.Proc. 2nd Int. Neem Conf. (Rauischholzhausen, FRG, 1983).
Schmutterer, H., Saxena, R.C. and von der Heyde, J. (1983) Morphogenetic effects of some partially purified fractions and methanolic extracts of neem seeds onMythimna separata (Walker) andCnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée).Z.angew.Ent. 95:230–237.
Steets, R. (1976) Zur Wirkung von Inhaltsstoffen aus Meliaceen und Anacardiaceen auf Coleopteren und Lepidopteren. Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Geissen, Giessen, FRG.
Warthen, D.J. Jr. (1979)Azadirachta indica: a source of insect feeding inhibitors and growth regulators.U.S. Dep. Agric, Agric. Rev. Man. ARM-NE-4.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mansour, F.A., Ascher, K.R.S. & Omari, N. Toxicity of neem (Azadirachta Indica) seed kernel extracts prepared with different solvents, on the spider chiracanthium mildei. Phytoparasitica 14, 73–76 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02980480
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02980480