Abstract
A breeding scheme is outlined which broadens the genetic base of the potato by incorporation of germplasm fromS. chacoense (Argentina) with Group Phureja and haploids of Group Tuberosum. Selection for adaptation to cultivation and production of 2n gametes is carried out at the diploid level, with the benefits of disomic ratios.S. chacoense provides increased genetic diversity, vegetative vigor and profuse flowering. About one-fifth of the 654 plants examined produced 2n eggs; clones with high 2n egg production may be obtained either by screening within particular introductions or by intercrossing known 2n egg producers. Only 16 of 1,212 plants screened produced 2n pollen —one by first division restitution. There is great variation among introductions and individuals for tuberization in the greenhouse. Selection for early tuberization in the field may be difficult due to extremely long stolons, but it would be facilitated by incorporation of the short stolon characteristic from the topiary mutant typeS. infundibuliforme. Male sterile Tuberosum haploids hybridize withS. chacoense to give male fertile interspecific F1 progeny, some of which produce 2n eggs or 2n pollen.
Resumen
Se delinea un esquema de mejoramiento dirigido a ampliar la base genética de la papa por incorporación de germoplasma deS. chacoense (Argentina) con el grupo Phureja y haploides del grupo Tuberosum. La selección para adaptación y la producción de gametos 2n es realizada a nivel diploide con los beneficios que supone la segregación disómica.S. chacoense aporta diversidad genética, vigor vegetativo y floración profusa. Alrededor de una quinta parte de las 654 plantas examinadas produjeron huevos 2n.
Clones con una alta producción de huevos 2n pueden ser obtenidos ya sea tamizando dentro de introducciones o inter-cruzando productores conocidos de huevos 2n. Solamente 16 de 1,212 plantas tamizadas produjeron polen 2n, una por FDR. Existe una gran variación entre introducciones e individuos para tuberización en el invernadero. Selección para tuberización temprana en el campo puede ser difícil debido a los estolones extremadamente largos pero sería facilitado por incorporación de la característica estolones cortos del mutante topiary deS. infundibuliforme. Haploides de tuberosum con esterilidad masculina hibridizan conS. chacoense produciendo progenies interespecíficas F1, que poseen fertilidad masculina. Algunos de estos progenies producen huevos 2n o polen 2n.
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Paper No. 2166 of the Laboratory of Genetics. Research supported by the College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, a gift from Frito-Lay, Inc., and grants from the National Science Foundation (PCM 77-24330), and the International Potato Center.
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Leue, E.F., Peloquin, S.J. Selection for 2n gametes and tuberization inSolanum chacoense . American Potato Journal 57, 189–195 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02854230
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02854230