Abstract
Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) caused albinism in the new growth of Rutgers tomato under continuous light. The albinism response was obtained with 4 isolates causing severe symptoms in tomato and with 1 mild isolate which is normally symptomless.
Rutgers tomato inoculated with the 4 severe strains of PSTV developed typical ‘bunchy top’ symptoms in 12 to 16-hr day lengths. Symptoms developed slower and much less distinctly on plants incubated in 6-hr days. New growth in PSTV-infected plants was green in short days (12-hr illumination) and chlorotic to white in continuous light.
Infectivities of extracts from white portions of plants were from 3 to 10 times greater than those from green portions of infected plants.
Albino symptoms also developed in other tomato varieties when inoculated with PSTV and kept under continuous light. Albinism was most pronounced under continuous light at 30°C, somewhat less intense at 24°, and at 16°, new growth of infected leaves and stems remained green. Albinism did not develop in otherSolanum species which are symptomless hosts of PSTV nor in seedling potato plants grown in continuous light.
Resumen
El viroide causante del tubérculo ahusado en la papa (PSTV) produjo albinismo en los nuevos brotes de la variedad de tomate Rutgers cuando se tuvo bajo luz contínua. La reacción de albinismo se obtuvo con cuatro aislamientos que producen smtomas severos en tomate y con un aislamiento benigno que no causa síntomas normalmente.
La variedad de tomate Rutgers al ser inoculada con las cuatro razas severas de PSTV desarrolló síntomas típicos de cogollo en ramillete (bunchy top) bajo 12–16 horas de luz por día. Los síntomas se produjeron más lentamente y con mucho menos intensidad en plantas que tuvieron la incubación con días de 6 horas de luz. Los nuevos brotes en las plantas infectadas con PSTV fueron verdes en condiciones de días cortos (12 horas de luz) y fueron cloróticos o blancos si la luz era contínua. La infectividad de los extractos de las porciones blancas de las plantas fue de 3 a 10 veces mayor que la de las porciones verdes en las plantas infectadas.
Los síntomas de albinismo también se desarrollaron en otras variedades de tomate cuando se inocularon con PSTV conservándolas bajo luz continua. El albinismo se pronunció al máximo bajo luz contínua a 30°C, fue algo menos intenso a 24°C y a 16°C las hojas y tallos de los nuevos brotes permanecieron verdes. El albinismo no se desarrolló en otras especies deSolanum que son huéspedes sin síntomas del PSTV ni tampoco en plántulas de papa cultivadas bajo luz contínua.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
Literature Cited
Arnon, D. I. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase inBeta vulgaris. Plant Physiol 24: 1–15.
Fernow, K. H. 1967. Tomato as a test plant for detecting mild strains of potato spindle tuber virus. Phytopathology 57: 1347–1352.
Goss, R. W., and G. L. Peltier. 1925. Further studies on the effect of environment on potato degeneration diseases. Nebr Agr Exp Stn Res Bull 29. 32 pp.
Housley, S. 1973. Controlled environment for biological research and teaching: Development of a technology for the future. Lab Pract 22: 59–63.
Lee, C. R., and R. P. Singh. 1972. Enhancement of diagnostic symptoms of potato spindle tuber virus by manganese. Phytopathology 62: 516–520.
Morris, T. J., and N. S. Wright. 1975. Detection on polyacrylamide gel of a diagnostic nucleic acid from tissue infected with potato spindle tuber viroid. Amer Potato J 52: 57–63.
O’Brien, M. J., and W. B. Raymer. 1964. Symptomless hosts of the potato spindle tuber virus. Phytopathology 54: 1045–1047.
Raymer, W.B., and M.J. O’Brien. 1962. Transmission of potato spindle tuber virus to tomato. Amer Potato J 39:401–408.
Raymer, W. B., M. J. O’Brien, and D. Merriam. 1964. Tomato as a source of and indicator plant for the potato spindle tuber virus. Amer Potato J 41: 311–314.
Singh, R. P. 1973. Experimental host range of the potato spindle tuber ‘virus’. Amer Potato J 50: 111–123.
Singh, R. P. and R. H. Bagnall. 1968.Solatium rostratum Dunal., A new test plant for the potato spindle tuber virus. Amer Potato J 45: 335–336.
Singh, R. P., R. E. Finnie, and R. H. Bagnall. 1970. Relative prevalence of mild and severe strains of potato spindle tuber virus in eastern Canada. Amer Potato J 47: 289–293.
Singh, R. P., and M. J. O’Brien. 1970. Additional indicator plants for potato spindle tuber virus. Amer Potato J 47: 367–371.
Whitney, E. D., and L. C. Peterson. 1963. An improved technique for inducing diagnostic symptoms in tomato infected by potato spindle tuber virus. Phytopathology (abstract) 53: 893.
Yang, T. C., and W. J. Hooker. 1973. Overwintering of potato spindle tuber virus inSolatium dulcamara L. Amer Potato J (abstract) 50: 387.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station Journal Article Number 7893.
Former Research Associate.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yang, T.C., Hooker, W.J. Albinism of potato spindle tuber viroid-infected Rutgers tomato in continuous light. American Potato Journal 54, 519–530 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02852219
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02852219