Abstract
The macrostructures and microstructures of thirty different austenitic stainless welds alloyed with manganese and Jor nitrogen are analyzed. Comparison of the results with those obtained from normal welds of the AISIJAWS 300 series indicates that the solidification mode and Ferrite Number can be predicted adequately using chromium and nickel equivalents. The solidification mode in the normal and nitrogen-alloyed welds can be best described by the equivalents developed by Hammar and Svensson and the Ferrite Number by the conventional Schaeffler-DeLong diagram. Both of these descriptions are invalid at high manganese content values (5 to 8 pct), however, in which case Hull’s equivalents give a better correlation between the composition and the solidification mode or Ferrite Number. The complicated role of manganese and the austenite-favoring effect of nitrogen in austenitic stainless steels are discussed.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
J. Degerbeck:Werkst. Korros., 1978, vol. 29, pp. 179–88.
A. Gamer:Corrosion, 1981, vol. 37, pp. 178–84.
J. Honeycombe and T. G. Gooch:Afef. Con. and Brit. Weld.J., 1972, vol. 4, pp. 456–60.
A. Backman and B. Lundqvist:Weld. J., 1977, vol. 56, pp. 23s-28s.
CD. Lundin, C.-P. D. Chou, and C.J. Sullivan:Weld. J., 1980, vol. 59, pp. 226s-32s.
A.L. Schaeffler:Met. Progr., 1949, vol. 56, pp. 680 and 680 B.
W.T. DeLong, G. A. Ostrom, and E.R. Szumachowski:Weld. J., 1956, vol. 35, pp. 526s-32s.
EC. Hull:Weld. J., 1973, vol. 52, pp. 193s-203s.
L. Pryce and K. W. Andrews:JISI, 1960, vol. 198, pp. 415–17.
P. Guiraldenq:Mém. Sci. Rev. Met., 1967, vol. 64, pp. 907–38.
E. A. Schoefer:Met. Prog., Databook 1977, Mid-June 1977, p. 51.
Ö. Hammar and U. Svensson:Solidification and Casting of Metals, The Metals Society, London, 1979, pp. 401–10.
A guide to the solidification of steels, Jernkontoret, Stockholm, 1977.
J. Hochmann:Matériaux et Techniques, December 1977, pp. 69-87.
J.A. Brooks:Weld. J., 1975, vol. 54, pp. 189s-95s.
N. Suutala, T. Takalo, and T. Moisio:Metall. Trans. A, 1980, vol. 11A, pp. 717–25.
T. Takalo, N. Suutala, and T. Moisio:Metall. Trans. A, 1979, vol. 10A, pp. 1173–80.
D. Rosenthal:Trans. ASME, 1946, vol. 68, pp. 849–66.
E. Kuula: Outokumpu Oy, Tornio, private communication, September 1981.
V. Siegel and M. Günzel:Neue Hütte, part I, 1973, vol. 18, pp. 422–29;Neue Hütte, part II, 1973, vol. 18, pp. 599–602.
W.T. DeLong:Weld. J., 1974, vol. 53, pp. 273s-86s.
D.J. Kotecki:Weld. J., 1978, vol. 57, pp. 109s-17s.
M. Suzuki, T. Asano, T. Umeda, and Y. Kimura:Trans. ISIJ, 1981, vol. 21, p. B-64.
R. Nakagawa, Y. Otoguro, and Y. Kawabe:Mém. Sci. Rev. Met., 1966, vol. 63, pp. 906–09.
C. Liang-shi and F. Tie-ying:Acta Met. Sinica, 1978, vol. 14, pp. 153–64.
P. Guiraldenq: Solid-solid Phase Transformations, ASM, in press.
Ö. Hammar:Sandvik AB, Sandviken, private communication, March 1980.
H. Thier:DVS-Berichte, Band 41, pp. 100-06, DVS GmbH, Düsseldorf, 1976.
V. Kujanpää, N. Suutala, T. Takalo, and T. Moisio:Met. Con., 1980, vol. 12, pp. 282–85.
N. Suutala and T. Moisio:Solidification Technology in the Foundry and Casthouse, The Metals Society, London, in press.
S. Malm: Report No. D 268, Jernkontoret, Stockholm, January 1979.
C.E. Witherell:Weld. J., 1980, vol. 59, pp. 326s-42s.
E.R. Szumachowski and H.F. Read:Weld. J. 1979, vol. 58, pp. 34s-44s.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Research Metallurgist, Laboratory of Physical Metallurgy, University of Oulu.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Suutala, N. Effect of manganese and nitrogen on the solidification mode in austenitic stainless steel welds. Metall Trans A 13, 2121–2130 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02648382
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02648382