Abstract
This paper discusses development of accelerated tests and mathematical models for predicting the durability of concrete. Durability, service life, and degradation factors are defined and accelerated test methods are contrasted to conventional comparative methods. Factors and mechanisms of concrete degradation are reviewed, as are efforts to quantify these phenomena. Deterministic and stochastic models are discussed. Procedures for developing accelerated tests are presented and applied to a hypothetical example involving freeze-thaw damage. Advantages and disadvantages of accelerated testing and mathematical modeling are discussed in terms of the degradation mechanisms affecting concrete. Examples given of the modeling approach and service life prediction include the prediction of the strength and maturity of concrete, acid attack on cement, sulphate attack, and the effect of scaling and corrosion on load-bearing capacity of concrete.
Résumé
On examine la mise au point d'essais accélérés et de modèles mathématiques pour prédire la durabilité du béton. On définit la durabilité, la durée de service et les facteurs de détérioration, et on met en comparaison les méthodes d'essais accélérés et les méthodes conventionnelles. On passe en revue les facteurs et les mécanismes de détérioration du béton et les efforts entrepris pour mesurer ces phénomènes.
On examine des modèles déterministes et stochastiques. On présente des procédés de mise au point d'essais accélérés et on les applique à un exemple hypothétique de détérioration au gel/dégel. On envisage les avantages et les inconvénients de l'essai accéléré et des modèles mathématiques par rapport aux mécanismes de détérioration affectant le béton. Les exemples d'études sur modèles et de prévision de la durée de service comprenment la prévision de la résistance et de la maturité du béton, de l'attaque du ciment par les acides, par les sulfates, et de l'effet de l'écaillage et de la corrosion sur la capacité portante du béton.
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Pommersheim, J., Clifton, J. Prediction of concrete service-life. Materials and Structures 18, 21–30 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02473361
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02473361