Abstract
Eutrophication of Dutch lakes has led to massive algal growth, disappearance of most of the macrophytes and disturbance of the food chain. The pike population has fallen sharply and bream developed very strongly, in the absence of this predator. Eutrophication problems are primarily being tackled by reducing nutrient loading. Restoration of water quality, however, seems to be impeded by the present structure of the food chain,i.e. the large bream stock. Biomanipulation, especially fish stock control with the aim of reducing the bream stock and increasing that of predatory fish, can accelerate the process of restoration. For the further development of biomanipulation it is very important that water authorities and managers of fish stocks agree on a common strategy.
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Hosper, S.H. Biomanipulation, new perspectives for restoration of shallow, eutrophic lakes in The Netherlands. Hydrobiological Bulletin 23, 5–10 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02286422
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02286422