Abstract
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis resolved total cellular protein fromEuglena gracilis Klebs var.bacillaris Cori into 650 polypeptides detectable by silver staining. Exposure of dark-grown restingEuglena to light for 72 h increased the relative amounts of 79 polypeptides and decreased the relative amounts of 72 polypeptides. Four polypeptides whose level increased upon light exposure were undetectable in the bleached mutant W3BUL. Since W3BUL has lost most if not all of its chloroplast genome, these polypeptides may be coded by the chloroplast genome. Although the majority of the polypeptides studied appear to be coded by the nuclear or mitochondrial genomes, seven polypeptides which were present in W3BUL were not detectable in another chloroplast-DNA-deficient, bleached mutant, W10BSmL. It appears that a number of nonchloroplast genes are no longer expressed in this mutant. Exposure of dark-grown resting cells of the bleached mutant, W3BUL, to light increased the relative amounts of 12 polypeptides and decreased the relative amounts of 14 polypeptides. Since W3BUL lacks detectable protochlorophyll(ide), the chloroplast photoreceptor, the levels of these polypeptides are regulated by light acting through a nonchloroplast photoreceptor. Exposure of cells to light had no detectable effect on the relative amounts of those polypeptides which were present in W10BSmL, even though W10BSmL has a nonchloroplast photoreceptor. EitherEuglena contains multiple nonchloroplast photoreceptors, some of which are absent from W10BSmL, or the nonchloroplast photoreceptor present in W10BSmL is uncoupled from some of the events normally controlled by that photoreceptor.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Bingham, S., Schiff, J.A. (1979) Events surrounding the early development ofEuglena chloroplasts. 15 Origin of plastid thylakoid polypeptides in wild type and mutant cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta547, 512–530
Bovarnick, J.G., Schiff, J.A., Freedman, Z., Egan Jr., J. (1974) Events surrounding the early development ofEuglena chloroplasts. 4. Cellular origin of chloroplast enzymes inEuglena. J. Gen. Microbiol.83, 63–71
Chelm, B.K., Hallick, R.B. (1976) Changes in the exprission of the chloroplast genome ofEuglena gracilis during chloroplast development. Biochemistry15, 593–599
Chelm, B.K., Hallick, R.B., Gray, P.W. (1979) Transcription program of the genome ofEuglena gracilis during chloroplast development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA76, 2258–2262
Cohen, D., Schiff, J.A. (1976) Events surrounding the early development ofEuglena chloroplasts. Photoregulation of the transcription of chloroplast and cytoplasmic ribosomal RNAs. Arch. Biochem. Biophys.177, 201–216
Curtis, S.E., Rawson, J.R.Y. (1979) Measurement of the transcription of nuclear single-copy deoxyribonucleic acid during chloroplast development inEuglena gracillis. Biochemistry18, 5299–5304
Dockerty, A., Merrett, M.J. (1979) Isolation and enzymic characterization ofEuglena proplastids. Plant Physiol.63, 468–473
Egan, J.M., Dorsky, D., Schiff, J.A. (1975) Events surrounding the early development ofEuglena chloroplasts. 6. Action spectra for the formation of chlorophyll, lag elimination in chlorophyll synthesis, and appearance of TPN-dependent triose phosphate dehydrogenase and alkaline DNase activities. Plant Physiol.56, 318–323
Fong, F., Schiff, J.A. (1979) Blue-light-induced absorbance changes associated with carotenoids inEuglena. Planta146, 119–127
Heizmann, P., Hussein, D.Y., Nicolas, P., Nigon, P., Bernardi, G. (1981) The chloroplast genome of bleached mutants ofEuglena gracilis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta653, 412–415
Heizmann, P., Hussein, D.Y., Nicolas, P., Nigon, V. (1982) Modifications of chloroplast DNA during streptomycin induced mutagenesis inEuglena gracilis. Curr. Genet5, 9–15
Horrum, M.A., Schwartzbach, S.D. (1980a) Nutritional regulation of organelle biogenesis inEuglena. Repression of chlorophyll and NADP-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase synthesis. Plant Physiol.65, 383–386
Horrum, M.A., Schwartzbach, S.D. (1980b) Nutritional regulation of organelle biogenesis inEuglena: photo and metabolite induction of mitochondria. Planta149, 376–383
Horrum, M.A., Schwartzbach, S.D. (1980c) Absence of photo and nutritional regulation of two glycolate pathway enzymes inEuglena. Plant Sci. Lett.20, 133–139
Horrum, M.A., Schwartzbach, S.D. (1981) Nutritonal regulation of organelle biogenesis inEuglena. Induction of microbodies. Plant Physiol.68, 430–434
James, L., Schwartzbach, S.D. (1982) Differential regulation of pbosphoglycolate and phosphoglycerate phosphatase inEuglena. Plant Sci. Lett.27, 223–232
McCarthy, S.A., James, L., Schwartzbach, S.D. (1982) Photo and nutritional regulation of chloroplast valyl-tRNA synthetase inEuglena. Arch. Microbiol.133, 149–154
McFadden, B.A., Lord, J.M., Rowe, A., Dilks, S. (1975) Composition, position, quaternary structure, and catalytic properties of D-ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase fromEuglena gracilis. Eur. J. Biochem.54, 195–206
Merril, C.R., D. Goldman, Van Keuren, M.L. (1982) Simplified silver protein detection and image enhancement methods in polyacrylamide gels. Electrophoresis3, 17–23
Monroy, A., Schwartzbach, S.D. (1981) Regulation of polypeptide synthesis in greeningEuglena. (Abstr.) Plant Physiol.67, Suppl. 33
O'Farrell, P.H. (1975) High resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis of proteins. J. Biol. Chem.250, 4007–4021
Oakley, B.R., D.R. Kirsch, Morris, N.R. (1980) a simplified ultrasensitive silver stain for detecting proteins in polyacrylamide gels. Anal. Biochem.105, 361–363
Ochs, D.C., McConkey, E.H., Sammons, D.W. (1981) Silver stains for proteins in polyacrylamide gels: A comparison for six methods. Electrophoresis2, 304–307
Osafune, T., Schiff, J.A. (1980) Events surrounding the early development ofEuglena chloroplasts 17. Light-induced changes in a proplastid remnant in mutant W3BUL. J. Ultrastruct. Res.73, 64–76
Pedersen, S., Reeh, S., Friesen, J.D., Bloch, P.I., Neidhardt, F.C. (1978) A nomenclature forE. coli proteins. Cell14, 186–190
Rawson, J.R.Y., Boerma, C.L. (1976) A measurement of the fraction of chloroplast DNA transcribed during chloroplast development inEuglena gracilis. Biochemistry15, 588–592
Rawson, J.R.Y., Boerma, C.L. (1979) Hybridizatio of EcoRI chloroplast DNA fragments ofEuglena to pulse labeled RNA from different stages of chloroplast development. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.89, 743–749
Rawson, J.R.Y., Boerma, C.L., Andrews, W.H., Wilkerson, C.G. (1981) Complexity and abundance of ribonucleic acid transcribed from restriction endonuclease fragments ofEuglena chloroplast deoxyribonucleic acid during chloroplast development. Biochemistry20, 2639–2644
Sagher, D., Grosfeld, H., Edelman, E. (1976) Large subunit ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase messenger RNA fromEuglena chloroplasts. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA73, 722–726
Schiff, J.A., Schwartzbach, S.D. (1982) Photocontrol of chloroplast development inEuglena. In: Biology ofEuglena, vol. III: Physiology, pp. 313–352, Buetow, D.W., ed. Academic Press, New York London
Schwartzbach, S.D., Hecker, L.I., Barnett, W.E. (1976) Transcriptional origin ofEuglena chloroplast tRNAs. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA73, 1984–1988
Schwartzbach, S.D., Schiff, J.A., Goldstein, N.H. (1975) Events surrounding the early development ofEuglena chloroplasts. V. Control of paramylum degradation. Plant Physiol.56, 313–317
Schwartzbach, S.D., Schiff, J.A. (1979) Events surrounding the early development ofEuglena chloroplasts. 13. Photocontrol of protein synthesis. Plant Cell Physiol.20, 827–838
Senger, H. (ed) (1980) The blue light syndrome. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Spector, T. (1978) Refinement of the Coomassie Blue method of protein quantitation. Anal. Biochem.86, 142–146
Stiegler, G.L., Matthews, H.M., Bingham, S.E., Hallick, R.B. (1982) The gene for the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase inEuglena gracilis chloroplast DNA: localization, polarity, cloning, and evidence for an intervening sequence. Nucleic Acid Res.10, 3427–3443
Van Etten, J.L., Freer, S.N., McCune, B.K. (1979) Presence of a major (storage?) protein in dormant spores of the fungusBotryodiplodia theobromae. J. Bacteriol.138, 650–652
Verdier, G. (1979) Poly (adenylic acid)-containing RNA ofEuglena gracilis during chloroplast development. I. Analysis of their complexity by hybridization to complementary DNA. Eur. J. Biochem.93, 573–580
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Monroy, A.F., Schwartzbach, S.D. Photocontrol of the polypeptide composition ofEuglena . Planta 158, 249–258 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01075261
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01075261