Article PDF
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Sokol ME, Heitmann P, Wolf BS, Cohen BR: Simultaneous cineradiographic and manometric study of pharynx, hypopharynx, and cervical esophagus. Gastroenterology 51:960–974, 1966
Code Df, Schlegal JF: Motor action of the esophagus and its sphincters. Handbook of Physiology Sec. 6, Vol. 4, RO Greet, EB Astwood (eds). Baltimore, Williams and Wilkins, 1966, pp 1821–1839
Cohen BR, Wolf BS: Cineradiographic and intraluminal pressure correlations in the pharynx and esophagus. Handbook of Physiology, Sec. 6 Vol. 4, RO Greet, EB Astwood (eds). Baltimore, Williams and Wilkins, 1968, pp 1841–1860
Zaino C, Jacobson HG, Lepow H, Ozturk CH: The Pharyngoesophageal Sphincter. Charles C Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, 1970
Atkinson M, Kramer P, Wyman, SM, Ingelfinger, FJ: The dynamics of swallowing. I. Normal pharyngeal mechanisms. J Clin Invest 36:581–588, 1957
Ingelfinger FJ: Esophageal motility. Physiol Rev 38:533–584, 1958
Palmer ED: Disorders of the cricopharyngeus muscle; a review. Gastroenterology 71:510–519, 1976
Donner MW, Silbiger ML: Cinefluorographic analysis of pharyngeal swallowing in neuromuscular disorders. Am J Med Sci 251:600–616, 1966
Winans CS: The pharyngoesophageal closure mechanism: A manometric study. Gastroenterology 63:968–977, 1972
Kaye MD, Showalter JP: Manometric configuration of the lower esophageal sphincter in normal human subjects. Gastroenterology 61:213–223, 1971
Lund WS: A study of the cricopharyngeal sphincter in man and in the dog. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 37:225, 1965
Henderson RD, Boszko A, van Nostrand AWP: Pharyngoesophageal dysphagia and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. J Thor Cardiovasc Surg 68:507, 1974
Hightower NE: Swallowing and esophageal motility. Am J Dig Dis 3:562–583, 1958
Phillips MM, Hendrix TR: Dysphagia. Postgrad Med 50:81–86, 1971
Fischer RA, Ellison GW, Thayer WR, Spiro HM, Glaser GH: Esophageal motility in neuromuscular disorders. Ann Intern Med 63:229–284, 1965
Bonanno PC: Swallowing dysfunction after tracheostomy. Ann Surg 174:29–33, 1971
Litton WB, Leonard JR: Aspiration after partial laryngectomy. Cineradiographic studies. Laryngoscope 79:877–908, 1969
Duranceau A, Jamieson G, Hurwitz AL, Jones RS, Postlethwait RW: Alteration in esophageal motility after laryngectomy. Am J Surg 131:30–35, 1976
Hurwitz AL, Nelson JA, Haddad JK: Oropharyngeal dysphagia. Manometric and cine esophagraphic findings. Am J Dig Dis 20:313–324, 1975
Cotzias GC, Papavasiliou PS, Gellene E: Modification of parkinsonism—chronic treatment withl-dopa. N Engl J Med 280:337–345, 1969
Calne DB, Shaw DG, Spiers ASD, Stern GM: Swallowing in parkinsonism. Br J Radiol 43:456–457, 1970
Murray JP: Deglutition in myasthenia gravis. Br J Radiol 35:43–52, 1962
Leach W. Generalized muscular weakness presenting as pharyngeal dysphagia. J Laryngol Otol 76:237–240, 1962
Casey EB. Dystrophica myotonica presenting with dysphagia. Br Med J 2:443, 1971
Hurwitz AL: Personal observations
Vignos PJ, Bowling GS, Eatkins MP: Polymyositis: Effect of corticosteroids on final result. Arch Intern Med 114:263–277, 1964
Peterman AF, Lillington GA, Jamplis RW: Progressive muscular dystrophy with ptosis and dysphagia. Arch Neurol 10:38–41, 1964
Ellis FH: Upper esophageal sphincter in health and disease. Surg Clin North Am 51:533–565, 1971
Hiebert CA: Surgery for cricopharyngeal dysfunction under local anesthesia. Am J Surg 131:423–427, 1976
Sutherland HD: Cricopharyngeal achalasia. J Thor Cardiovasc Surg 43:114–126, 1962
Bingham DLC: Cricopharyngeal achalasia. Can Med Assoc J 89:1071–1073, 1962
Belsey R: Functional disease of the esophagus. J Thor Cardiovasc Surg 52:164–188, 1966
Blakeley WR, Garety EJ, Smith DE: Section of the cricopharyngeus muscle for dysphagia. Arch Surg 96:745–762, 1968
Ellis HF, Schlegel JF, Lynch VP, Payne WS: Cricopharyngeal myotomy for pharyngo-esophageal diverticulum. Ann Surg 170:340–349, 1969
Mladick RA, Horton CF, Adamsen JE: Cricopharyngeal myotomy. Arch Surg 102:1–5, 1971
Montgomery WW, Lynch JP: Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy treated by inferior constrictor myotomy. Am Acad Ophthalmol Otol Trans 75:986–993, 1971
Nogueira JR, Monsour JW, Hermann G: Dysfunction of the esophageal inlet. Treatment by upper esophageal sphincter myotomy. Am J Surg 124:711–714, 1972
Mills CP: Dysphagia in pharyngeal paralysis treated by cricopharyngeal myotomy. Lancet 1:455–457, 1973
Viard H, Favre J-P, Briet S, Chatelain CH-L, Methis M: La dyskinesie sous-jacente aux diverticules de l'oesophage. Son incidence thérapeutique. Chirurgie 99:512–518, 1973
Akl BF, Blakeley WR: Late assessment of results of cricopharyngeal myotomy for cervical dysphagia. Am J Surg 128:818–822, 1974
Mitchell RL, Armanini GB: Cricopharyngeal myotomy. Treatment of dysphagia. Ann Surg 181:262–266, 1975
Hamman JL, Beck JL, Steinfeld CM: Cricopharyngeal myotomy for nonobstructive cervical dysphagia. Exhibit at Annual Meeting of the American Gastroenterological Association, San Antonio, Texas, May, 1975. Also Hamman JL, personal communication
Lebo CP, Sang K, Norris FH: Cricopharyngeal myotomy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Laryngoscope 86:862–868, 1976
Victor M, Hayes R, Adams RD: Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy: A familial disease of late life characterized by dysphagia and progressive ptosis of the eyelids. N Engl J Med 267:1267–1272, 1962
Bender MJ: Esophageal manometry in oculopharyngeal dystrophy. Am J Gastroenterol 65:215–221, 1976
Pope CE, Christensen J, Harris LD, Nelson TS, Motlet NK, Templeton F: Diseases of the oesophagus (Work Group 1). A survey of opportunities and needs in research on digestive diseases. Gastroenterology 69:1058–1070, 1975
Dodds WJ, Steward ET, Hogan WJ, Steff JJ, Arndorfer RC: Effect of esophageal movement on intraluminal esophageal pressure recording. Gastroenterology 67:592–600, 1974
Dodds WJ, Stef JJ, Hogan WJ. Factors determining pressure measurement accuracy by intraluminal esophageal manometry. Gastroenterology 70:117–123, 1976
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hurwitz, A.L., Duranceau, A. Upper-esophageal sphincter dysfunction pathogenesis and treatment. Digest Dis Sci 23, 275–281 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01072329
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01072329