Conclusions
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1.
In the Al-Cu system, the greatest effect gained from ultrasonics is in alloys of the solid-solution type.
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2.
Experiments on the effect of ultrasonics on pure metal and metal with the addition of a modifier confirm the theory that the primary solid nuclei are destroyed. However, apart from the destruction process, we have to assume the possibility of accelerated formation of crystal nuclei due to the energy fluctuations transmitted to the melt by the ultrasonic wave, or else through activiation of the impurities.
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3.
Ultrasonics reduce inter-dendritic liquation by speeding up diffusion of the copper during crystallization of the solid solution.
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4.
Ultrasonic oscillations greatly affect the microstructure of the alloy, whereas low-frequency vibrations only change the macrostructure.
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Eskin, G.I., Friedlyander, I.N. Crystallization of aluminum-copper alloys as a result of ultrasonic oscillation. Met Sci Heat Treat 4, 154–157 (1962). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00816371
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00816371