Conclusions
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1.
The surface equivalent to a theoretical plate (AETP) characterizes packings, as well as the height equivalent to one theoretical plate (HETP). When column diameter is increased from 20 to 50 mm, the AETP for the same packing increases approximately 6-fold, on account of deterioration of conditions for liquid and vapor distribution on the packing.
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2.
Packings 1 and 2 (see Fig. 1), which combine high effectiveness with relatively low resistance, should be considered best (among those studied) for atmospheric pressure distillation; columns with packing type 9, which has an HETP commensurate with packings for columns operating at atmospheric pressure but has ten times less hydraulic resistance, should be used for the analysis of fractional composition of heavy petroleum products.
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3.
Distillation of a narrow benzene fraction (C6 concentrate) in an L-23 column (50 theoretical plates) enables one to take an integral boiling point curve with clearly indicated boil-up of individual hydrocarbons. The concentration of individual hydrocarbons in fractions having a b.p. range of 0.5°C is 40–75%.
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Literature cited
M. I. Rozengart, Technique of Laboratory Distillation and Fractionation [in Russian], State Chemistry Press (1951).
É. Krel', Directions for Laboratory Fractionation, translated from the German [in Russian], IL (1966).
Tatlock and Griffin, Apparatus for Superfractionation, London (1955).
N. M. Zhavoronkov et al., Methods and Processes of Chemical Technology [in Russian], AN SSSR (1955).
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Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 11, pp. 42–47, November, 1966.
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Manovyan, A.K., Khachaturova, D.A. Comparative evaluation of column packings and fractionating ability of various laboratory columns. Chem Technol Fuels Oils 2, 786–791 (1966). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00718882
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00718882