Summary
Focal aseptic necrosis of the cerebral cortex was induced in newborn rats by focal contact freezing. In the region of freezing the following changes took place: necrosis of the pia mater, total necrosis of the differentiating Ist–IVth layers of the cortex and partial necrosis of the Vth and VIth layers of the cortex. The VIth-b layer was mostly preserved. In partial necrosis the differentiating neuroblasts died. The capillaries and migrating neuroblasts destined for the Ist, IInd, and IIIrd cortex layer survived. They stopped only at the periphery of total necrosis and continued to differentiate. After healing, an atypical cortex, consisting of four layers, was formed in the necrotic region, quite similar to the microgyric cortex of four layers known in the human. After deeper necrosis a cortical microsulcus developed, also formed by a cortex of four layers. The newly formed first microgyric (molecular) layer had its histologic structure homologous to the molecular layer of the surrounding cortex. The second microgyric layer (outer, cellular one) was formed by neuroblasts assigned to the IInd and IIIrd normal layers, which migrated through partial necrosis and took up their final position at the periphery of total necrosis. The third microgyric (light) layer was formed by the original Vth layer destroyed by partial necrosis, and it contained single neurons and glial cells. The fourth microgyric layer was formed by the persistent deep part of the VIth layer. The four layered cortex was formed only during the time of neuroblastic migration. The findings are discussed in relation to the normal pathogenesis of cortical microgyria in children. The experimental findings show that the microgyric cortex is formed only during the course of neuroblastic migration.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Angevine, J. B., Sidman, R. L.: Autoradiographic study of cell migration during histogenesis of cerebral cortex in the mouse. Nature (Lond.)192, 766–768 (1961)
Bär, T., Wolff, J. R.: On the vascularization of the rat's cerebral cortex. Bibl. anat. (Basel)11, 515–519 (1973)
Bär, T., Wolff, J. R.: Quantitative Beziehungen zwischen der Verzweigungsdichte und Länge von Capillaren im Neocortex der Ratte während der postnatalen Entwicklung. Z. Anat. Entwickl.-Gesch.141, 207–221 (1973)
Berry, M., Rogers, A. W.: Migrations of neuroblasts in the developing cerebral cortex. J. Anat. (Lond.)99, 691–709 (1965)
Bertrand, I., Gruner, J.: The status verrucosus of the cerebral cortex. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.14, 331–347 (1955)
Bielschowsky, M.: Über Mikrogyrie. J. Psychol. Neurol.22, 1–47 (1915)
Bielschowsky, M.: Über die Oberflächengestaltung des Großhirnmantels bei Pachygyrie, Microgyrie, und bei normaler Entwicklung. J. Psychol. Neurol. (Lpz.)30, 29–76 (1923)
Cajal, S. R.: Vertebrate neurogenesis. Springfield, Ill.: Ch. C. Thomas 1960
Caley, D. W., Maxwell, D. S.: An electron microscopic study of neurons during postnatal development of rat cerebral cortex. J. comp. Neurol.133, 17–43 (1968)
Cowen, D., Geller, L. M., Wolf, A.: Healing in the cerebral cortex of the infant rat after closed-head focal injury. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.29, 21–42 (1970)
Crome, L.: Microgyria. J. Path. Bact.64, 479–495 (1952)
Crome, L., Stern, J.: The pathology of mental retardation. London: J. and A. Churchill 1967
Dekaban, A.: Large defects in cerebral hemispheres associated with cortical dysgenesis. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.24, 512–530 (1965)
De León, G. A.: Observations on cerebral and cerebellar microgyria. Acta neuropath. (Berl.)20, 278–287 (1972)
Dvořák, K.: Die postnatale Differenzierung des Golgi-Apparates in den Neuronen der Großhirnrinde bei der Ratte. Z. Zellforsch.85, 225–236 (1968)
Fleischhauer, K., Petsche, H., Wittowski, W.: Vertical bundles of dendrites in the neocortex. Z. Anat. Entwickl.-Gesch.127, 213–223 (1972)
Haas, R. J., Werner, J., Fliedner, T. M.: Cytokinetics of neonatal brain cell development in rats as studies by the “complete3H-thymidine labelling” method. J. Anat. (Lond.)107, 421–437 (1970)
Hattori, T., Fujita, S.: Scanning electron microscopic studies on morphology of matrix cells, and on development and migration of neuroblasts in human and chick embryos. J. Electron. Microscop.23, 269–276 (1974)
Hieks, S. P., D'Amato, C. J.: Cell migration to the isocortex in the rat. Anat. Rec.160, 619–634 (1968)
Jacob, H.: Die feinere Oberflächengestaltung der Hirnwindungen: Die Hirnwarzenbildung und mikropolygyrie. Z. Neurol. Psychiat.70, 64–84 (1940)
Jellinger, K., Rett, A.: Agyria-pachygyria (Lissencephaly syndrome). Neuropädiatrie7, 66–91 (1976)
Levine, D. N., Fisher, M. A., Caviness, V. S.: Porencephaly with microgyria: A pathologic study. Acta neuropath. (Berl.)29, 99–113 (1974)
Massing, W., Fleischhauer, K.: Further observations on vertical bundles of dendrites in the cerebral cortex of the rabbit. Z. Anat. Entwickl.-Gesch.141, 115–123 (1973)
Nieuwenhuijse, P.: Zur Kenntnis der Mikrogyrie. Psychiat. neurol. Bl. (Amst.)17, 9–53 (1913)
Ostertag, B.: Schwere Verbildungen and Groß-und Kleinhirn eigener Prägung. Handb. Spez. Path. Anat. Histol. XIII/4 (eds. O. Lumbarsch, F. Henke, and R. Rossle). Berlin-Göttingen-Heidelberg: Springer 1956)
Peters, A., Walsh, T. M.: A study of the organisation of apical dendrites in the somatic sensory cortex of the rat. J. comp. Neurol.144, 253–268 (1972)
Peters, A., Feldman, M.: The cortical plate and molecular layer of the late rat fetus. Z. Anat. Entwickl.-Gesch.141, 3–37 (1973)
Rakic, P.: Guidance of neurons migrating to the fetal monkey neocortex. Brain Res.33, 471–476 (1971)
Rakic, P.: Mode of cell migration to the superficial layers of fetal monkey neocortex. J. comp. Neurol.145, 61–84 (1972)
Rakic, P.: Neurons in rhesus monkey visual cortex: Systematic relation between time of origin and eventual disposition. Science183, 425–427 (1974)
Riggs, H. E., McGrath, J. J., Schwarz, H. P.: Malformation of the adult brain (albino rat) resulting from prenatal irradiation. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.15, 432–447 (1956)
Richman, D. P., Stewart, R. M.: Cerebral microgyria in a 27-week fetus: An architectonic and topographic analysis. J. Neuropath. exp. Neurol.33, 374–384 (1974)
Shimada, M., Langman, J.: Cell proliferation, migration and differentiation in the cerebral cortex of the Golden hamster. J. comp. Neurol.139, 227–244 (1970)
Sidman, R. L., Rakic, P.: Neuronal migration, with special reference to developing human brain: A review. Brain Res.62, 1–35 (1973)
Stewart, R. M., Richman, D. P., Caviness, V. S.: Lissencephaly and pachygyria—an architectinic and topographical analysis. Acta neuropath. (Berl.)31, 1–12 (1975)
Von Bonin, G., Mehler, W. R.: On columnar arrangement of nerve cells in cerebral cortex. Brain Res.27, 1–10 (1971)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dvofák, K., Feit, J. Migration of neuroblasts through partial necrosis of the cerebral cortex in newborn rats-contribution to the problems of morphological development and developmental period of cerebral microgyria. Acta Neuropathol 38, 203–212 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00688066
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00688066