Conclusions
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1.
We investigated the kinetics of hardening in manganese alloys quenched from the γ Mn region — the distinguishing characteristic is the exceedingly sharp increase of the hardness during the first minute of holding (1–10 min) at 450–500°C. The hardness peak after very short holding times is due to the formation of β1 phase. With holding for longer times secondary hardening occurs due to precipitation of the hard and brittle α Mn phase.
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2.
The maximum hardness with holding for a short time is higher for the alloy with a large palladium content (30%), which is accompanied by the volume effect of the γ → α1 + α Mn transformation.
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3.
The hardness of β1 phase is relatively low and varies little with the tempering time.
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4.
The high hardness of Mn−Pd alloys after holding for a short time is evidently due to the particular condition of the β1 phase at the time of precipitation from the γ Mn solid solution and the internal stresses that occur.
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5.
In the hardened condition the Mn−Pd alloy with 30% Pd is nonmagnetic, has a high modulus of elasticity, and has satisfactory corrosion resistance.
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Literature cited
O.I. Evdokimova, "Hardening processes in Mn−Pd alloys," in: Production and Properties of Steel and Alloys [in Russian], Metallurgiya, Moscow (1967), pp. 55–61.
M. P. Ravdel', "Mechanism of decomposition in Mn−Cu and Mn−Cu−Ni alloys," in: Precision Alloys [in Russian], Metallurgiya, Moscow (1962), pp. 158–176.
V. Koster and M. Sallam, Z. Metallk., 5, 240–248 (1958).
V. M. Rozenberg and A. A. Shalimova, "Precise determination of the density of solids by hydrostatic weighing," Zavod. Lab., 5, 585–587 (1967).
Additional information
Central Scientific-Research Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy. Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 11, pp. 53–57, November, 1974.
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Ravdel', M.P., Evdokimova, O.I. Kinetics and mechanism of hardening of Mn-Pd alloys. Met Sci Heat Treat 16, 960–963 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00663807
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00663807