Summary
Seedlings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) from Russia (59°58′N) and Poland (53°34′N) were grown for 4 months in controlled environment chambers, simulating the photoperiod conditions of 50° and 60° N. The Russian population grown at 50° N showed earlier height growth cessation than the Polish population. Photoperiodic conditions of 60° N increased proportional allocation of dry mass to shoots and lowered allocation to roots in the Russian population, which also had greater allocation to roots than the Polish population in both treatments. Total non-structural carbohydrate concentrations in roots and secondary needles of both populations were significantly higher at the end of the 4 month growing season at 50° compared to 60° N. Net photosynthesis rates were similar for both provenances and both treatments. The rate of transpiration was higher and water-use efficiency lower for plants grown in long-day conditions of 60° N. The mean respiration rate of roots ranged between 30 and 36 nmol CO2 · g-1 dry mass · s-1 and was 2–4 times higher than values observed for needles. Root respiration rates were greater in the Polish than the Russian population. Despite this, the greater allocation to root dry mass of the Russian population resulted in greater root respiratory cost as a proportion of daily carbon gain. Overall, root respiration accounted for between 18 to 34% of the total daily net carbon assimilation of these populations. Root and total respiration as a proportion of net daily carbon assimilation were greater at 50° than 60°N. Mean net integrated CO2 gains were 2.2–2.5 mmol CO2 · day-1 for seedlings from Russia compared to 3 mmol CO2 · day-1 for Poland.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Ågren G, Axelsson B, Flower-Ellis JGK, Linder S, Persson H, Staaf H, Troeng E (1980) Annual carbon budged for a young Scots pine. In: Persson T (ed) Structure and function of northern coniferous forests — a ecosystem study. Ecol Bull (Stockholm) 32: 307–313
Albrektson A (1980) Relations between tree biomass fractions and conventional silvicultural measurements. In: Persson T (ed) Structure and function of northern coniferous forests — a ecosystem study. Ecol Bull (Stockholm) 32: 315–327
Al-Shahine FO (1969) Photosynthesis, respiration and dry matter production of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings originating from Poland (Nowy Targ) and Turkey (Eskishaher). Acta Soc Bot Pol 38: 355–369
Bamberg S, Schwarz W, Tranquillini W (1967) Influence of daylength on the photosynthetic capacity of stone pine (Pinus cembra L.). Ecology 48: 264–269
Bogdanov P (1931) On photoperiodism in woody plants. Trudy i Issl po Lesn Khoz i Lesn Prom 10: 21–33 (in Russian with German summary)
Caemmerer S von, Farquhar GD (1981) Some relationships between the biochemistry of photosynthesis and gas exchange of leaves. Planta 153: 376–387
Denne MP Smith CI (1971) Daylength effects on growth, tracheid development, and photosynthesis in seedlings of Picea sitchensis and Pinus sylvestris. J Exp Bot 22: 347–361
Dormling I (1986) Dormancy in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings. In: Provenances and forest tree breeding for high altitudes. Proceedings of the Frans Kempe Symposium in Ume» 10–11. June 1986, pp 81–98
Downs RJ, Borthwick HA (1956) Effects of photoperiod on growth of trees. Bot Gaz 117: 310–326
Eidmann FE (1962) Atmung der unterirdischen Organe und Abgaben an die Mykorrhiza. Int Symp der Baumphysiologen. Innsbruck, 1961, pp 43–45
Gatherum GE, Gordon JC, Broerman BFS (1967) Physiological variation in Scots pine seedlings in relation to light intensity and provenance. Iowa St J Sci 42: 19–26
Giertych M (1979) Summary of results on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) height growth in IUFRO provenance experiments. Silvae Genet 28: 136–152
Giertych M (1980) Polish races of Scots pine, Norway spruce and European larch in international provenance experiments. Arbor Korn 25: 135–160
Giertych M, Oleksyn J (1981) Summary of results on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) volume production in Ogievskij's pre-revolutionary Russian provenance experiments. Silv Genet 30: 56–74
Hagihara A, Hozumi K (1981) Respiration consumption by woody organs in a Chamaecyparis obtusa plantation. J Jap For Soc 63: 156–164
Hassig BE, Dickson RE (1979) Starch measurement in plant tissue using enzymatic hydrolysis. Physiol Plant 47: 151–157
Hansen J, Møller I (1975) Percolation of starch and soluble carbohydrates from plant tissue for quantitative determination with anthrone. Ann Biochem 68: 87–94
Jensen KF, Gatherum GE (1965) Effects of temperature, photoperiod, and provenance on growth and development of Scots pine seedlings. For Sci 11: 189–199
Koski V, Sievänen R (1984) Timing of growth cessation in relation to the variations in the growing season. In: Tigerstedt PMA, Puttonen P, Koski V (eds) Crop physiology of forest trees. Helsinki University Press, Helsinki, pp 167–193
Kriesel K, Ciesielska S (1982) The effect of photoperiod on the level of endogenous growth regulators in pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings. Acta Soc Bot Pol 51: 59–70
Langlet O (1959) A cline or not cline — a question of Scots pine. Silvae Genet 8: 13–24
Ledig FT, Boreman FH, Wenger KF (1970) The distribution of dry matter growth between shoots and roots in loblolly pine. Bot Gaz 131: 349–359
Linder S, Troeng E (1981) The seasonal variation in stem and coarse root respiration of a 20-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). In: Tranquillini W (ed) Radial growth in trees. Mitt Forstl Bundes-Versuchsanst Wien, pp 125–139
List RJ (1958) Smithsonian meteorological tables. Smithson Misc Collect 114: 1–527
Oden P-C, Dunberg A (1984) Abscisic acid in shoots and roots of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings grown in controlled long-day and short-day environments. Planta 161: 148–155
Oleksyn J, Bialobok S (1986) Net photosynthesis, dark respiration and susceptibility to air pollution of 20 European provenances of Scots pine Pinus sylvestris L. Environ Pollut 40: 287–302
Oleksyn J, Tjoelker MG, Reich PB (1992) Growth and biomass partitioning of European populations of Pinus sylvestris L. under simulated 50° and 60° N daylengths: evidence for photoperiodic ecotypes. New Phytol 120: 561–574
Ovington JD (1957) Dry-matter production by Pinus sylvestris L. Ann Bot (London) 21: 287–314
Reich PB, Walters MB, Ellsworth DS (1992) Leaf lifespan in relation to leaf, plant, and stand characteristics among diverse ecosystems. Ecol Monogr (in press)
Ting IP (1982) Plant physiology. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, pp 180–187
Vaartaja O (1959) Evidence of photoperiodic ecotypes in trees. Ecol Monogr 29: 91–111
Wareing PF (1950a) Growth studies in woody species. I. Photoperiodism in first-year seedlings of Pinus sylvestris. Physiol Plant 3: 258–276
Wareing PF (1950b) Growth studies in woody species. II. Effect of day-length on shoot-growth in Pinus sylvestris after the first year. Physiol Plant 3: 300–314
Wareing PF (1951) Growth studies in woody species. III. Further photoperiodic effects in Pinus sylvestris. Physiol Plant 4: 41–56
Wassink EC, Wiersma JH (1955) Daylength responses of some forest trees. Acta Bot Neerl 4: 657–670
Zelawski W, Goral I (1966) Seasonal changes in the photosynthesis rate of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings grown from seed of various provenances. Acta Soc Bot Pol 35: 587–598
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Oleksyn, J., Tjoelker, M.G. & Reich, P.B. Whole-plant CO2 exchange of seedlings of two Pinus sylvestris L. provenances grown under simulated photoperiodic conditions of 50° and 60° N. Trees 6, 225–231 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00224340
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00224340