Abstract
Current water management policy in The Netherlands aims to serve a multitude of land use functions, such as agriculture, industry, shipping, and drinking water supply. To attune this policy to the diversity of functions, computer models are used to predict the consequences of various policy options as a part of PAWN: the government's Policy Analysis of Water management for The Netherlands.
Nature conservation and development is a relatively new aspect of water management policy. This article describes the PAWN model DEMNAT, which is designed to predict the impact of hydrologic changes on terrestrial ecosystems in The Netherlands. The main components of the model are explained and the predicted effects of an assumed climatic change are discussed.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Barendregt, A. and Wassen, M.J. 1989. The hydro-ecological model ICHORS (versions 2.0 and 3.0) (in Dutch; English summary). University of Utrecht.
Beltman, B. and Grootjans, A.P. 1986. Distribution of nutrient poor plant communities in relation to groundwater regime and nutrient availability. In: Water management in relation to nature, forestry and landscape management. pp. 59–89. CHO-TNO proceedings and information 34, The Hague.
Both, J.C. and van Wirdum, G. 1981. Hydrology, soil and vegetation of a few nature reserves in Gelderland (in Dutch). RIN reports 81/18, Leersum.
Claessen, F.A.M. and Witte, J.P.M. 1991. National water management strategies for conservation and recovery of terrestrial ecosystems. In: Perturbations and recovery of terrestrial ecosystems. Ellis Horwood ltd. London, England.
Colenbrander, H.J., Blumenthal, K.P., Cramer W., Wolker, A. and Wesseling, J. 1989. Water in The Netherlands. CHO-TNO proceedings and information 37, The Hague.
Dijkema, M.P., Hijdra, R.D.W., van der Meulen, L., Witte, J.P.M. and van Wirdum, G. 1985. Eco-hydrologic description and comparison of ten nature reserves (in Dutch). SWNBL reports lb, Utrecht.
Fischer, J.L. and Klijn, F. 1992. The choice between desiccation of wetlands or the spread of Rhine water over The Netherlands. In: Wetlands Ecology and Management, this issue.
Gremmen, N.J.M., Reijnen, M.J.S.M., Wietz, J. and van Wirdum, G. 1990. A model to predict and assess the effects of groundwater withdrawal on the vegetation in the Pleistocene areas of The Netherlands. Journal of Environmental Management, 31: 143–155.
Groen, C.L.G. 1989. Assessing the susceptibility of ecotope types (in Dutch). Internal document Rijkswaterstaat.
Hochstenbach, S.M.H. and Gremmen, N.J.M. 1989. Effects of hydrologic measures on vegetation and site-results of a consultation of experts (in Dutch). SWNBL reports lq, Utrecht.
Klijn, F. 1988. Ecoseries - a first approach to an ecological site typology (in Dutch). CML-EP reports 45, Leiden.
Mennema, J., Quene'-Boterenbrood, A.J. and Plate, C.L. (editors) 1980. Atlas of the Dutch Flora, volume I (in Dutch). Kosmos, Amsterdam.
Mennema, J., Quene'-Boterenbrood, A.J. and Plate, C.L. (editors) 1985. Atlas of the Dutch Flora, volume 2 (in Dutch). Bohn, Scheltema and Holkema, Utrecht.
Ministry of Transport and Public Works. 1989. Water in The Netherlands: a time for action - third national policy document on water management (in Dutch; English summary). Ministry of Transport and Public Works, The Hague.
Parmet, B. 1991. Hydrological consequences of climatic changes –Calculations for the Hupselse Beek basin. Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen.
Rijkswaterstaat and Delft Hydraulics. 1990. Impact of sea level rise on Dutch society, a description of the ISOS case study for the Netherlands. Dienst Getijdewateren GWAO reports 90.016, Delft Hydraulics report H750.
Runhaar, J. 1989. Relation between moisture-indication of the vegetation and groundwater levels (in Dutch; English summary). Landschap, 6/2: 129–146.
Runhaar, J., Groen, C.L.G., van der Meijden, R. and Stevers, R.A.M. 1987. A new division into ecological groups in the flora of The Netherlands (in Dutch; English summary). Gorteria 13: 277–360.
Steurs, C.G.L., de Vries, F., and van Wallenburg, C. 1985. Soil map of The Netherlands 1: 250,000 (in Dutch). Stichting voor Bodemkartering, Wageningen.
Stevers, R.A.M., Runhaar, J., Udo de Haes, H.A., and Groen, C.L.G. 1987. The CML ecotope system: a national typology of ecosystems, focused on the vegetation (in Dutch; English summary). Landschap, 4/2: 135–149.
Van der Meijden, R. Plate, C.L. and Weeda, E.J. (editors) 1989. Atlas of the Dutch Flora, volume 3 (in Dutch). Rijksherbarium, Leiden.
Van Wirdum, G. 1986. Water related impacts on nature protection sites. In: Water management in relation to nature, forestry and landscape management. pp. 27–57. CHO-TNO proceedings and information 34, The Hague.
Van Wirdum, G. 1991. Vegetation and hydrology of floating rich-fens. Thesis, University of Amsterdam.
Witte, J.P.M. and van der Meijden, R. 1990. Wet and moist ecosystems in The Netherlands (in Dutch; English summary). KNNV reports 200, Utrecht.
Witte, J.P.M. 1990. DEMNAT: A first approach to a national hydroecological model (in Dutch). DBW/Riza reports 90.57, Lelystad.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Witte, J.P.M., Klijn, F., Claessen, F.A.M. et al. A model to predict and assess the impacts of hydrologic changes on terrestrial ecosystems in The Netherlands, and its use in a climate scenario. Wetlands Ecol Manage 2, 69–83 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00178137
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00178137