Abstract
Fluid-elastic instability of tube bundles is the main cause of vibration failure of heat exchangers. To establish more reasonable and reliable design guidelines for fluid-elastic instability of tube bundles subjected to two-phase cross flow, we investigated experimentally the effects of the flow conditions of the two-phase flow and the geometrical characteristics of the tube bundles on damping, vibration, and fluid-elastic instability. Moreover, we proposed recommended values of the instability constant based on the conductivity difference measurement (CDM) model and the classification of tube bundle arrangements. The reliability of these values was also verified. The results indicated that the damping ratio in the lift direction was smaller than that in the drag direction and fluid-elastic instability was more prone to occur. The order of stability of the four tube bundle arrangements from high to low was normal triangular, normal square, rotated square, and rotated triangular. Thus, to avoid fluid-elastic instability, the normal triangular tube bundle is recommended for large shell-and-tube heat exchangers subjected to two-phase cross flow. In addition, for normal square and normal triangular tube bundles, the recommended instability constant is 4.0. For rotated square and rotated triangular tube bundles, the recommended instability constant is 1.1 when the mass damping parameter is less than or equal to 0.54, otherwise the value is 1.5.
抽象
目 的
流体弹性不稳定性是引起换热器管束振动失效的 最主要原因。 鉴于目前有关两相横向流诱发管束 弹性不稳定性的设计准则尚无一致结论, 本文采 用空气-水两相流体系, 考察不同参数条件下换热 器管束的弹性不稳定性。
创新点
1. 从避免发生弹性不稳定性的角度, 确定适宜的 管束排列方式和节径比; 2. 建立基于Connors 准则的不稳定常数的确定方法, 并提出新的推 荐值。
方 法
1. 实验研究两相流的流动条件和管束的几何特征 对管束阻尼、振动特性及弹性不稳定性的影响; 2. 采用建立稳定区图的方法确定不稳定常数的 推荐值; 3. 通过与其他研究成果的对比分析, 验 证本文推荐的不稳定常数的合理性和可靠性。
结 论
1. 相比于阻力方向其交叉斜撑体系具有非对称 性, 升力方向上的阻尼比更小, 也更易发生弹性失稳。 2. 四种排列管束的稳定性 从高到低依次为: 正三角形、正方形、转置正方 形、转置正三角形。 3. 对于正方形和正三角形排 列管束, 推荐不稳定常数为 4.0; 对于转置正方 形和转置正三角形排列管束, 当质量阻尼参数小 于或等于 0.54 时, 推荐不稳定常数为 1.1, 反之, 则推荐不稳定常数为 1.5。
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Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21776246), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2019QNA4020), China, and the China Scholarship Program (No. 201806325014)
Contributors
Ning SUN wrote the first draft of the manuscript and revised the final version. Rui-jia CHENG processed and analyzed the experimental data. Ya-nan ZHANG conducted the experimental research. Bao-qing LIU supervised and led the plan and implementation of research activities. Bengt SUNDEN put forward the objective of investigation and improved the experimental research.
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Ning SUN, Rui-jia CHENG, Ya-nan ZHANG, Bao-qing LIU, and Bengt SUNDEN declare that they have no conflict of interest
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Sun, N., Cheng, Rj., Zhang, Yn. et al. Design guidelines for fluid-elastic instability of tube bundles subjected to two-phase cross flow. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A 20, 577–589 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A1900129
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A1900129