Abstract.
The chiral nematic S,S-2,7-bis(4-pentylphenyl)-9,9-dimethylbutyl9H-fluorene (5P-Am*FLAm*-P5) liquid crystal shows a complex phase diagram strongly dependent on thermal treatment as identified by Polarizing Optical Microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The molecular dynamics in various thermodynamics states was studied by means of broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS). The vitrification of a chiral nematic phase (N*) is manifested by a Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann (VFT)-type temperature dependence of structural relaxation time (\(\tau_{\alpha}\)). Three dielectric relaxation processes exhibiting Arrhenius-like thermal activation were found in conformationally disordered (condis) Cr1 and Cr2 structures. The isothermal cold crystallization process of Cr2 occurs in the metastable N* phase; however, in the non-isothermal experiments, the Cr2 phase is formed in the isotropic phase obtained on heating the metastable N* phase. The findings for the isothermal process were compared with those regarding non-isothermal crystallization.
Graphical abstract
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
L.S. Taylor, in Pharm Sci Encycl (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2015) pp. 1--39
S. Andjelić, R.C. Scogna, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 132, 42066 (2015)
Y.H. Roos, Annu. Rev. Food Sci. Technol. 1, 469 (2010)
J.W.P. Gutzow, S. Ivan, Schmelzer, The Vitreous State: Thermodynamics, Structure, Rheology, and Crystallization, second edition (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995)
K. Koperwas, K. Adrjanowicz, Z. Wojnarowska, A. Jedrzejowska, J. Knapik, M. Paluch, Sci. Rep. 6, 36934 (2016)
D.L. Leslie-Pelecky, N.O. Birge, Phys. Rev. B 50, 13250 (1994)
P. Supaphol, J.E. Spruiell, Polymer 42, 699 (2001)
K. Iwase, Y. Nagano, I. Yoshikawa, H. Houjou, Y. Yamamura, K. Saito, J. Phys. Chem. C 118, 27664 (2014)
M. Jasiurkowska-Delaporte, T. Rozwadowski, E. Juszyńska-Gałazka, Crystals 9, 205 (2019)
P.G. Debenedetti, F.H. Stillinger, Nature 410, 259 (2001)
M.D. Ediger, C.A. Angell, S.R. Nagel, J. Phys. Chem. 100, 13200 (1996)
C.A. Angell, Science 267, 1924 (1995)
K. Ito, C.T. Moynihan, C.A. Angell, Nature 398, 492 (1999)
L.-M. Martinez, C.A. Angell, Nature 410, 663 (2001)
N.A. Mauro, M. Blodgett, M.L. Johnson, A.J. Vogt, K.F. Kelton, Nat. Commun. 5, 4616 (2014)
J. Mayer, J. Krawczyk, M. Massalska-Arodz, I. Natkaniec, J.A. Janik, O. Steinsvoll, Physica B: Condens. Matter 371, 249 (2006)
H. Shintani, H. Tanaka, Nat. Phys. 2, 200 (2006)
M.D. Ediger, P. Harrowell, L. Yu, J. Chem. Phys. 128, 034709 (2008)
E.-J. Donth, The Glass Transition (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2001).
R. Brand, P. Lunkenheimer, A. Loidl, J. Chem. Phys. 116, 10386 (2002)
M. Sorai, S. Seki, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 23, 299 (1973)
M. Massalska-Arodz, G. Williams, I.K. Smith, C. Conolly, G. Anthony Aldridge, R. Dabrowski, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 94, 387 (1998)
M. Jasiurkowska-Delaporte, T. Rozwadowski, E. Dmochowska, E. Juszyńska-Gałazka, P. Kula, M. Massalska-Arodz, J. Phys. Chem. B 122, 10627 (2018)
M. Jasiurkowska, J. Ściesiński, J. Czub, M. Massalska-Arodź, R. Pełka, E. Juszyńska, Y. Yamamura, K. Saito, J. Phys. Chem. B 113, 7435 (2009)
M. Jasiurkowska-Delaporte, M. Massalska-Arodz, J. Mol. Liq. 241, 355 (2017)
M. Jasiurkowska, P.M. Zieliński, M. Massalska-Arodz, Y. Yamamura, K. Saito, J. Phys. Chem. B 115, 12327 (2011)
R. Pełka, Y. Yamamura, M. Jasiurkowska, M. Massalska-Arodz, K. Saito, Liq. Cryst. 35, 179 (2008)
M. Jasiurkowska-Delaporte, S. Napolitano, J. Leys, E. Juszyńska-Gałazka, M. Wübbenhorst, M. Massalska-Arodz, J. Phys. Chem. B 120, 12160 (2016)
E. Juszyńska, M. Jasiurkowska, M. Massalska-Arodz, D. Takajo, A. Inaba, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 540, 127 (2011)
G.P. Johari, J.W. Goodby, J. Chem. Phys. 77, 5165 (1982)
M. Cocca, R. Androsch, M.C. Righetti, M. Malinconico, M.L. Di Lorenzo, J. Mol. Struct. 1078, 114 (2014)
N. Osiecka, E. Juszyńska-Gałazka, Z. Galewski, T. Jaworska-Gołab, A. Deptuch, M. Massalska-Arodz, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 133, 961 (2018)
T. Rozwadowski, M. Massalska-Arodz, L. Kolek, K. Grzybowska, A. Bak, K. Chłedowska, Cryst. Growth Des. 15, 2891 (2015)
M. Jasiurkowska-Delaporte, E. Juszyńska, L. Kolek, J. Krawczyk, M. Massalska-Arodz, N. Osiecka, T. Rozwadowski, Liq. Cryst. 40, 1436 (2013)
K. Kolodziejczyk, K. Grzybowska, Z. Wojnarowska, M. Dulski, L. Hawelek, M. Paluch, Cryst. Growth Des. 14, 3199 (2014)
L. Kolek, M. Massalska-Arodz, D. Majda, B. Suchodolska, S. Zalewski, Acta. Phys. Pol. A 124, 909 (2013)
M. Descamps, E. Dudognon, J. Pharm. Sci. 103, 2615 (2014)
M. Wübbenhorst, J. Van Turnhout, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 305, 40 (2002)
F. Meersman, B. Geukens, M. Wübbenhorst, J. Leys, S. Napolitano, Y. Filinchuk, G. Van Assche, B. Van Mele, E. Nies, J. Phys. Chem. B 114, 13944 (2010)
R.P. Sharma, P.F. Green, Macromolecules 50, 6617 (2017)
S. Madkour, P. Szymoniak, J. Radnik, A. Schönhals, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9, 37289 (2017)
H.W. Starkweather, P. Avakian, J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys. 30, 637 (1992)
D.W. Henderson, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 30, 301 (1979)
T. Ozawa, Polymer 12, 150 (1971)
H.E. Kissinger, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. 57, 217 (1956)
J.A. Augis, J.E. Bennett, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 13, 283 (1978)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
The EPJ Publishers remain neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Open Access TThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
About this article
Cite this article
Jasiurkowska-Delaporte, M., Rozwadowski, T., Juszyńska-Gała̧zka, E. et al. Relaxation dynamics and crystallization study of glass-forming chiral-nematic liquid crystal S,S-2,7-bis(4-pentylphenyl)-9,9-dimethylbutyl 9H-fluorene (5P-Am*FLAm*-P5). Eur. Phys. J. E 42, 121 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2019-11887-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2019-11887-6