Abstract
The mycobiota of bottom sediments at depths of 128−472 m was investigated in Barents and Kara sea areas remote from the shore. The species composition and fungal abundance, that is, the number of fungal colony-forming units (CFUs), were determined in 5 samples from the Kara Sea and in 14 samples of the Barents Sea. For the first time for the Arctic seas, the fungal biomass was determined in 12 samples of the bottom sediments from the Barents Sea. It was found that fungal abundance in the bottom sediments of the both seas did not exceed 13 CFUs per 1 g of dry substrate weight. In total, only 58 colonies of filamentous fungi belonging to 22 morphotypes, 8 of which were sterile, were isolated from all the samples. No more than six morphotypes were contained in 1 g of dried substrate; they were mostly species of the genus Cladosporium and sterile isolates. The study of the fungal biomass detected both spores and fungal mycelium in the bottom sediments. The total biomass was extremely low and ranged from 0.1 to 0.620 mg/g of the studied substrate. Small spores (with a diameter less than 3 μm) absolutely predominated (from 88 to 99.7% of the biomass).
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Artemchuk, N.Ya., Mikoflora morei SSSR (Microflora of the Seas of the USSR), Moscow: Nauka, 1981.
Bubnova, E.N., Mushrooms of bottom soils of the Kandalaksha Gulf of the White Sea, Mikol. Fitopatol., 2009, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 4–11.
Bubnova, E.N., Mushrooms of the coastal zone of the Black Sea in the area of the Blue Bay (near Gelendzhik), Mikol. Fitopatol., 2014, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 20–30.
Inisheva, L.I., Peat soils: Genesis and classification, Eurasian Soil Sci., 2006, no. 7, pp. 699–704.
Kirtsideli, I.Yu., Soil micromycetes of arctic tundra of the Taimyr coast of the Kara Sea, Mikol. Fitopatol., 1999, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 19–23.
Kirtsideli, I.Yu. and Tomilin, B.A., Soil micromycetes of the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago, Mikol. Fitopatol., 1997, vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 1–6.
Marfenina, O.E., Nikitin, D.A., and Ivanova, A.E., The structure of fungal biomass and diversity of cultivated micromycetes in Antarctic soils (progress and Russkaya Stations), Eurasian Soil Sci., 2016, vol. 49, no. 8, pp. 934–941.
Nikitin, D.A., Marfenina, O.E., Kudinova, A.G., et al., Microbial biomass and biological activity of soils and soil-like bodies in coastal oases of Antarctica, Eurasian Soil Sci., 2017, vol. 50, no. 9, pp. 1086–1097.
Pivkin, M.V., Khudyakova, Yu. V., Kuznetsova, T.A., et al., Mushrooms of aquapods in the coastal waters of the Sea of Japan in the southern part of Primorye Territory, Mikol. Fitopatol., 2005, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 50–61.
Pidoplichko, N.M., Penitsillii (klyuchi dlya opredeleniya vidov) (Penicillia: The Keys for Species Identification), Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1972.
Polyanskaya, L.M., Geidebrekht, V.V., and Zvyagintsev, D.G., Biomass of fungi in different types of soils, Pochvovedenie, 1995, no. 5, pp. 566–572.
Polyanskaya, L.M. and Zvyagintsev, D.G., The content and composition of microbial biomass as an index of the ecological status of soil, Eurasian Soil Sci., 2005, vol. 38, no. 6, pp. 625–633.
Predtechenskaya, O.O., Biomass of mycelium and yield of macromycetes in the cranberry pine forest of the middle taiga subzone, Mikol. Fitopatol., 1994, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 15–19.
Sogonov, M.V. and Marfenina, O.E., Peculiarities of mycobiota in maritime marches of the Kandalaksha Gulf of the White Sea, Vestn. Mosk. Univ., Ser. 16. Biol., 1999, no. 3, pp. 42–47.
Filippova, N.V., To the study of mikocenosis of swamps: Some data on swamp micro-and macromycetes, Din. Okruzh. Sredy Global. Izmeneniya Klim., 2008, no. 1, pp. 141–156.
Ball, B.A. and Virginia, R.A., Microbial biomass and respiration responses to nitrogen fertilization in a polar desert, Polar Biol., 2014, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 573–585.
Bloem, J., Bolhuis, P.R., Veninga, M.R., and Wieringa, J., Microscopic methods for counting bacteria and fungi in soil, in Methods in Applied Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry, Alef, K. and Nannipieri, P., Eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1995, pp. 162–173.
Bubnova, E.N., Fungal diversity in bottom sediments of the Kara Sea, Bot. Mar., 2010, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 595–600.
Damare, S., Raghukumar, C., and Raghukumar, S., Fungi in deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian basin, Deep Sea Res., Part I, 2006, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 14–27.
Domsch, K.H., Gams, W., and Anderson, T.-H., Compendium of Soil Fungi, Eching: IHW, 2007, 2nd ed.
Hassan, N., Rafiq, M., Hayat, M., et al., Psychrophilic and psychrotrophic fungi: A comprehensive review, Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol., 2016, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 147–172.
Khudyakova, Yu.V., Pivkin, M.V., Kuznetsova, T.A., and Svetashev, V.I., Fungi in sediments of the Sea of Japan and their biologically active metabolites, Microbiology, 2000, vol. 69, no. 5, pp. 608–611.
Kohlmeyer, J. and Kohlmeyer, E., Marine Mycology: The Higher Fungi, New York: Academic, 1979.
Nagano, Y. and Nagahama, T., Fungal diversity in deep-sea extreme environments, Fungal Ecol., 2012, vol. 5, pp. 463–471.
Onofri, S., Selbmann, L., Zucconi, L., and Pagano, S., Antarctic microfungi as models for exobiology, Planet. Space Sci., 2004, vol. 52, pp. 229–237.
Raper, K.B. and Thom, C.A., A Manual of the Penicillia, Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1949.
Robinson, C.H., Cold adaptation in Arctic and Antarctic fungi, New Phytol., 2001, vol. 151, no. 2, pp. 341–353.
Samuel, P., Princel, L., and Prabakaran, P., Assessment of mycological diversity of marine sediment of south east coast of Tamilnadu, India, Eur. J. Exp. Biol., 2011, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 130–138.
Schmidt, N. and Bolter, M., Fungal and bacterial biomass in tundra soils along an arctic transect from Taimyr Peninsula, central Siberia, Polar Biol., 2002, vol. 25, no. 12, pp. 871–877.
Woudenberg, J.H.C., Groenewald, J.Z., Binder, M., and Crous, P., Alternaria redefined, Stud. Mycol., 2013, vol. 75, pp. 171–212.
Zalar, P., de Hoog, G.S., and Schroers, H.-J., et al., Phylogeny and ecology of the ubiquitous saprobe Cladosporium sphaerospermum, with descriptions of seven new species from hypersaline environments, Stud. Mycol., 2007, vol. 58, pp. 157–183.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © E.N. Bubnova, D.A. Nikitin, 2017, published in Biologiya Morya.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bubnova, E.N., Nikitin, D.A. Fungi in bottom sediments of the barents and Kara seas. Russ J Mar Biol 43, 400–406 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063074017050029
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063074017050029