Abstract
A 64-channel readout and data-acquisition module is described in detail. It consists of an H12700 multianode photomultiplier tube, four PADIWA preamplifier boards, and a TRB v3 card that perform the functions of a time-to-digital converter and a data concentrator. The software modules that are necessary for operation of the prototype are described. The inter-channel delays are calibrated. The drift of individual delays does not exceed 0.5 ns for the entire measurement time. The spectra of the “time over threshold” (ToT) are investigated. The influence of periodic noise pickups and the need to improve circuit designs are revealed. The timing properties of the wavelength shifter and its effect on the detection efficiency for Cherenkov rings are investigated. The most intense component is characterized by a decay time of 1.1 ns and there are components with characteristic times of 3.8 and 45 ns. The influence of single-electron spectrum features on the detection efficiency for photoelectrons and the probability of false hits are determined. The total time resolution of 131 channels is 1.1 ns (FWHM). The results make it possible to use the investigated system of readout and data acquisition in the CBM experiment. Nevertheless, the elimination of the revealed shortcomings will provide the efficiency margin and improve the reliability of the system during long-term operation.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Gutbrod, H.H., FAIR Baseline Technical Report, ISBN: 3-9811298-0-6, 2006.
The CBM Physics Book: Compressed Baryonic Matter in Laboratory Experiments, Friman B. et al., Eds., Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 2011, in Ser.: Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 814. doi 10.1007/978-3-642-13293-3
The CBM Collaboration, Nuclear Matter Physics at SIS-100, CBM Report 2012-01, Senger, P. and Friese, V., Eds., Darmstadt: GSI, 2012.
Compressed Baryonic Matter Experiment. Technical Status Report, Darmstadt: GSI, 2005.
CBM Progress Report 2016, Selyuzhenkov, I. and Toia, A., Eds., Darmstadt: GSI, 2017, GSI-2017-00564.
Technical Design Report for the CBM Superconducting Dipole Magnet, Malakhov, A. and Shabunov, A., Eds., Darmstadt: GSI, 2013, GSI-2015-02000.
Koziel, M., Amar-Youcef, S., Bialas, N., Deveaux, M., Fröhlich, I., Li, Q., Michel, J., Milanović, B., Müntz, C., Neumann, B., Schrader, C., Stroth, J., Tischler, T., Weirich, R., and Wiebusch, M., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 2013, vol. 732, p. 515. doi 10.1016/j.nima.2013.07.041
Technical Design Report for the CBM Silicon Tracking System (STS), Heuser, J., et al., Eds., Darmstadt: GSI, 2013, GSI-2013-05499.
Technical Design Report for the CBM Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detector (RICH), Höhne, C., Ed., Darmstadt: GSI, 2013, GSI-2014-00528.
Technical Design Report for the CBM: Muon Chambers (MuCh), Chattopadhyay, S., et al., Eds., Darmstadt: GSI, 2015, GSI-2015-02580.
Biswas, S., Schmidt, D.J., Abuhoza, A., Frankenfeld, U., Garabatos, C., Hehner, J., Kleipa, V., Morhardt, T., Schmidt, C.J., Schmidt, H.R., and Wiehula, J., J. Instrum, 2013, vol. 8, p. C12002. doi 10.1088/1748-0221/8/12/C12002
Petris, M., Petrovici, M., Catanescu, V., Tarzila, M., Simion, V., Bartos, D., Berceanu, I., Bercuci, A., Caragheorgheopol, G., Constantin, F., Radulescu, L., Adamczewski-Musch, J., and Linev, S., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 2013. vol. 732. p. 375. doi 10.1016/j.nima.2013.07.087
Technical Design Report for the CBM Time-of-Flight System (TOF), Herrmann, N., Ed., Darmstadt: GSI, 2014, GSI-2015-01999.
Korolko, I.E., Prokudin, M.S., and Zaitsev, Yu. M., J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 2017, vol. 798, p. 012164. doi 10.1088/1742-6596/798/1/012164
Technical Design Report for the CBM Projectile Spectator Detector (PSD), Guber, F. and Selyuzhenkov, I., Eds., Darmstadt: GSI, 2015, GSI-2015-02020.
Hamamatsu H12700 Manual. https://doi.org/www.hamamatsu.com/resources/pdf/etd/H12700_TPMH1348E.pdf.
Calvi, M., Carniti, P., Cassina, L., Gotti, C., Maino, M., Matteuzzi, C., and Pessina, G., J. Instrum., 2015, vol. 10, p. 09021. doi 10.1088/1748-0221/10/09/P09021
https://doi.org/www.hamamatsu.com/resources/pdf/etd/H8500_H10966_TPMH1327E.pdf.
Adamczewski-Musch, J., Akishin, P., Becker, K.-H., Belogurov, S., Bendarouach, J., Boldyreva, N., Chernogorov, A., Deveaux, C., Dobyrn, V., Dürr, M., Eschke, J., Förtsch, J., Heep, J., Höhne, C., Kampert, K.-H., et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 2017, vol. 845, p. 434. doi 10.1016/j.nima.2016.05.102
Adamczewski-Musch, J., Akishin, P., Becker, K.-H., Belogurov, S., Bendarouach, J., Boldyreva, N., Chernogorov, A., Deveaux, C., Dobyrn, V., Dürr, M., Eschke, J., Förtsch, J., Heep, J., Höhne, C., Kampert, K.-H., et al., J. Instrum., 2016, vol. 11, C05016. doi 10.1088/1748-0221/11/05/C05016
Photomultiplier Tubes. Basics and Applications, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.
Kopfer, J., PhD Thesis, Wuppertal, Bergische Univ. Wuppertal, 2014.
Official TRB Project Web Site. https://doi.org/trb.gsi.de/.
Ugur, C., Linev, S., Michel, J., Schweitzer, T., and Traxler, M., J. Instrum., 2016, vol. 11, C01046. doi 10.1088/1748-0221/11/01/C01046
TRB v3 Documentation. https://doi.org/jspc29.x-matter.unifrankfurt.de/docu/trb3docu.pdf.
Zabołotny, W.M. and Kasprowicz, G., Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments, 2014, vol. 929023. doi 10.1117/12.2073377
de Cuveland, J. and Lindenstruth, V. (for the CBM Collaboration), J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 2011, vol. 331, p. 022006. doi 10.1088/1742-6596/331/2/022006
Michel, J., Faul, M., Friese, J., Höhne, C., Kampert, K.-H., Patel, V., Pauly, C., Pfeifer, D., Skott, P., Traxler, M., and Ugur, C., J. Instrum., 2017, vol. 12, C01072. doi 10.1088/1748-0221/12/01/C01072
Adamczewski-Musch, J., Kurz, N., Linev, S., and Zumbruch, P., J. Phys.: Conf. Ser, 2012, vol. 396, p. 012001. doi 10.1088/1742-6596/396/1/012001
Bergmann, C., Emschermann, D., Amend, W., Bercuci, A., Berendes, R., Blume, C., Dillenseger, P., Garcia, C., Gläßel, S., Heine, N., Hutter, D., Kardan, B., Kohn, M., Krieger, M., Morhardt, T., et al., in CBM Progress Report 2014, Darmstadt: GSI, 2014, p. 9.
Bergmann, C., Emschermann, D., Berendes, R., Heine, N., Kohn, M., Verhoeven, W., and Wessels, J.P., in CBM Progress Report 2014, Darmstadt: GSI, 2014, p. 78.
Petris, M., Batros, D., Caragheorghropol, G., Constantin, F., Petrovici, M., Radulescu, L., Simion, V., Deppner, I., Herrmann, N., Simon, C., Fruehauf, J., Kis, M., and Loizeau, P-A., J. Phys.: Conf. Ser, 2016, vol. 724, p. 012037. doi 10.1088/1742-6596/724/1/012037
Information About the T9 Beam Line and Experimental Facilities. https://doi.org/home.web.cern.ch/sites/home.web.cern.ch/files/file/spotlight_students/information_about_the_t9_beam_line_and_experimental_facilities.pdf.
Kotchenda, L.M. and Kravtsov, P.A., CBM RICH Prototype Gas System, https://doi.org/hepd.pnpi.spb.ru/hepd/articles/6.pdf.
Adamczewski-Musch, J., Becker, K.-H., Belogurov, S., Boldyreva, N., Chernogorov, A., Deveaux, C., Dobyrn, V., Dürr, M., Eom, J., Eschke, J., Höhne, C., Kampert, K.-H., Kleipa, V., Kochenda, L., Kolb, B., et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 2014, vol. 766, p. 221. doi 10.1016/j.nima.2014.04.074
Bendarouach, J., Höhne, C., and Mahmoud, T., in CBM Progress Report 2014, Darmstadt: GSI, 2014, p. 56.
Roithner UVTOP240 Datasheet. https://doi.org/www.roithnerlaser.com/datasheets/led_deepuv/uvtop240.pdf.
Adamczewski-Musch, J., Becker, K.-H., Belogurov, S., Boldyreva, N., Chernogorov, A., Deveaux, C., Dobyrn, V., Dürr, M., Eom, J., Eschke, J., Höhne, C., Kampert, K.-H., Kleipa, V., Kochenda, L., Kolb, B., et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 2015, vol. 783, p. 43. doi 10.1016/j.nima.2015.02.014
Alphalas Picopower-LD Series Datasheet. https://doi.org/www.alphalas.com/images/stories/products/lasers/Picosecond_Pulse_Diode_Lasers_with_Driver_PICOPOWERLD_ALPHALAS.pdf
FLESnet Development Repository. https://doi.org/github.com/cbm-fles/flesnet.
Adamczewski-Musch, J., Linev, S., Ovcharenko, E., and Ugur, C., HADES trbnet Data Formats for DABC and Go4: GSI Scientific Report 2012, Darmstadt: GSI, 2013, PHN-SIS18-ACC-41, p. 297.
Szplet, R., Kalisz, J., and Pelka, R., IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., 1997, vol. 46, p. 449.
Adamczewski-Musch, J., Akishin, P., Becker, K.-H., Belogurov, S., Bendarouach, J., Boldyreva, N., Deveaux, C., Dobyrn, V., Dürr, M., Eschke, J., Förtsch, J., Heep, J., Höhne, C., Kampert, K.-H., Khanzadeev, A., et al., Phys. Part. Nucl. Lett., 2017, vol. 14, no. 6, p. 904. doi 10.1134/S1547477117060036
Adamczewski-Musch J., Akishin P., Becker K.-H., Belogurov S., Bendarouach J., Boldyreva N., Deveaux C., Dobyrn V., Dürr M., Eschke J., Förtsch J., Heep J., Höhne C., Kampert K.-H., Khanzadeev A., et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 2017, vol. 846, p. 246. doi 10.1016/j.nima.2017.03.043
Lebedev, S.A. and Ososkov, G.A., Phys. Part. Nucl. Lett., 2009, vol. 6, no. 2, p. 161.
Lebedev, S., Höhne, C., Kisel, I., and Ososkov, G., Fast Parallel Ring Recognition Algorithm in the RICH Detector of the CBM Experiment at FAIR, Dubna: Ob’edin. Inst. Yad. Issled., 2011, PoS(ACAT2010)060.
O’Connor, D.V., Time-correlated Single Photon Counting, London: Academic, 1984.
Gonnella, F., Kozhuharov, V., and Raggi, M., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A, 2015, vol. 791, p. 16. doi 10.1016/j.nima.2015.04.028
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © J. Adamczewski-Musch, P.G. Akishin, K.-H. Becker, S.G. Belogurov, J. Bendarouach, N.I. Boldyreva, C. Deveaux, V.V. Dobyrn, M. Dürr, J. Eschke, J. Förtsch, J. Heep, C. Höhne, K.-H. Kampert, A.V. Khanzadeev, L.M. Kochenda, J. Kopfer, P.A. Kravtsov, I. Kres, S.A. Lebedev, E.I. Lebedeva, E.N. Leonova, S.V. Linev, T. Mahmoud, W. Niebur, E.V. Ovcharenko, V. Patel, C. Pauly, M. Penschuck, D. Pfeifer, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, S. Reinecke, Yu.G. Riabov, E.V. Roshchin, V.M. Samsonov, V.N. Schetinin, O.P. Tarasenkova, M. Traxler, C. Ugur, M.E. Vznuzdaev, 2018, published in Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta, 2018, No. 3, pp. 15–33.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Adamczewski-Musch, J., Akishin, P.G., Becker, KH. et al. Development of the Readout and Data-Acquisition System for the RICH Detector of the CBM Experiment. Instrum Exp Tech 61, 332–348 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020441218030028
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020441218030028