Abstract
Olivine-bearing varieties of garnet–clinopyroxene crystalline schists of the Lapland granulite belt have been studied in detail for the first time. Two types of olivine (iron mole fractions of 27 and 38%) are distinguished. Olivine with lower Fe content occurs as inclusions in clino- and orthopyroxene and in terms of СаО and Cr contents is close to magmatic minerals. Olivine with high Fe content presumably suffered highand moderate-temperature metamorphism. The olivine-bearing rocks contain several grains of omphacite with 30–37 mol % jadeite and garnet with 44–50 mol % pyrope, which can be regarded as relict assemblages of the early stage of eclogitization of a magmatic protolith. The presence of symplectites indicates their retrograde transformation during decompression. The protoliths of the studied rocks could be olivine gabbronorites and pyroxenites. It was found that the rocks contain high-alumina minerals: corundum, spinel, and sapphirine. In addition, Al2O3 content in some amphibole grains is as high as 19 wt %. This indicates that the ascent of the deep-seated rocks was accompanied by interaction with Al-rich fluid. The positive Eu anomaly in the olivine-bearing rocks and some of their minerals is indicative of the reducing character of fluid. Activation of fluid reworking leading to the formation and transformation of the olivine-bearing rocks, transfer of alumina and its precipitation at different depths are related to the processes at the base of the Paleoproterozoic rift system of Karelides.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
D. L. Anderson, Theory of the Earth (Blackwell, Boston, 1989).
L. Ya. Aranovich, and V. M. Kozlovskii, “The role of silica mobility in the formation of “incipient” eclogites,” Geochem. Int 47 (2), 199–204 (2009).
Yu. A. Balashov, Geochemistry of Rare-Earth Elements (Nauka, Moscow, 1976) [in Russian].
G. V. Berezhkova, Whisker Crystals (Nauka, Moscow, 1969) [in Russian].
B. A. Bazylev, S. Karamata, and G. S. Zakariadze, “Petrology and evolution of the Brezovica ultramafic massif, Serbia,” Geol. Soc. London, Sp. Publ. 218, 91–108 (2003).
A. V. Berezin, S. G. Skublov, Yu. B. Marin, A. E. Mel’nik, and E. S. Bogomolov, “New occurrence of eclogite in the Belomorian Mobile Belt: geology, metamorphic conditions, and isotope age,” Dokl. Earth Sci. 448 (1), 43–53 (2013).
A. V. Chistyakov, and E. A. Kudryashova, “Harrisites–a final phase of the Monchegorsk mafic–ultramafic complex, Kola Peninsula,” Izv. Vyssh. Ucheb. Zaved. Ser. Geol., No. 6, 16–21 (2010).
V. I. Fonarev, “Metamorphic evolution of the Kolvitsa anorthosite massif (Lapland–Kolvitsa granulite belt, Baltic Shield), Dokl. Earth Sci. 395 (3), 364–368 (2004).
V. I. Fonarev, E. N. Terekhov, and A. N. Konilov, “Ultrahigh- temperature–High-Pressure granulite metamorphism of the Kandalaksha Massif (Baltic Shield),” in Proceedings of 2nd All-Russian Conference “Granulite Complexes in the Precambrian and Phanerozoic Geological Evolution, St. Petersburg, Russia, 2007” (St. Petersburg, 2007), pp. 369–373 [in Russian].
T. G. Frisch, D. Jackson, V. A. Glebovitsky, M. M. Efimov, M. N. Bogdanova, and R. R. Parrish, “U-Pb geochronology of zircons from the Kolvitsa gabbroanorthosite complex, sothern Kola Peninsula, Russia,” Petrologiya 3 (3), 248–254 (1995).
G. M. Drugova, V. A. Glebovitskii, L. V. Limov, L. P. Nikitina, and L. A. Priyatkina, Granulite-Facies Metamorphism (Nauka, Moscow, 1972) [in Russian].
T. V. Kaulina, and M. N. Bogdanova, “Main stages in the evolution of the northwestern Belomorian zone: U-Pb data,” Litosfera, No. 12, 85–97 (2000).
T. V. Kaulina, V. O. Yapaskurt, S. L. Presnyakov, E. E. Savchenko, and S. G. Simakin, “Metamorphic evolution of the Archean eclogite-like rocks of the Shirokaya and Uzkaya Salma area (Kola Peninsula): geochemical features of zircon, composition of inclusions, and age,” Geochem. Int. 48 (9), 871–890 (2010).
N. E. Kozlov, A. A. Ivanov, and M. I. Nerovich, Lapland Granulite Belt–Primary Nature and Evolution (Geol. Inst. Kol. Fil. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Apatity, 1990) [in Russian].
M. D. Krylova, Geological–Geochemical Evolution of the Lapland Granulite Complex (Nauka, Leningrad, 1983) [in Russian].
M. Yu. Koreshkova, L. K. Levskii, and V. V. Ivanikov, “Petrology of a lower crustal xenolith suite from dikes and explosion pipes of the Kandalaksha Graben,” Petrology 9 (1), 79–96 (2001).
M. Marker, “Early Proterozoic (c 2000–1900 Ma) crustal structure of the northeastern Baltic Shield: tectonic division and tectogenesis,” Norsk. Geol. Unders. Bull. (403), 55–74 (1985).
M. V. Mintz, V. N. Glaznev, A. N. Konilov, N. M. Kunina, A. B. Raveskii, Yu. N. Sedykh, V. M. Stupak, and V. I. Fonarev, Early Precambrian of the Northeastern Baltic Shield: Paleogeodynamics, Structure, and Evolution of the Continental Crust (Nauchnyi Mir, Moscow, 1996) [in Russian].
F. P. Mitrofanov, and L. I. Nerovich “Timing of magmatic crystallization and metamorphic transformations in the Pyrshin and Abvar autonomous anorthosite massifs, Lapland Granulite Belt,” Petrology 11 (4), 343–351 (2003).
B. O. Mysen and A. L. Boettcher, “Melting of a hydrous mantle,” J. Petrol. 16 (3) 549–593 (1975).
N. Nakamura “Determination of REE, Ba, Fe, Mg, Na and K in carbonaceous and ordinary chondrites,” Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 38, 757–775 (1974).
P. Peltonen, “Metamorphic olivine in picritic metavolcanics from Southern Finland,” Bull. Geol. Soc. Finland 62 (2), 99–114 (1990).
L. L. Perchuk, D. A. Tokarev, D. D. van Reenen, D. A. Varlamov, T. V. Gerya, L. V. Sazonova, V. I. Fel’dman, C. A. Smit, M. C. Brink, and A. A. Bisschoff, “Dynamic and thermal history of the Vredefort explosion structure in the Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa,” Petrology 10 (5), 395–432 (2002).
Q. Qi, L. A. Taylor, G. A Snyder, R. N. Clayton T. L. Mayeda, and N. V. Sobolev, “Detailed petrology and geochemistry of a rare corundum eclogite xenoliths from Obnazhennaya, Yakutia,” Russ. Geol. Geophys. 38, 247–260 (1997).
R. L. Rudnic, “Restites, Eu anomalies, and lower continental crust,” Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56, 963–970 (1992).
G. Sabau, A. Alberico, and E. Negulescu, “Peraluminous sapphirine in retrogressed kyanite-bearing eclogites from South Carpathians: status and implications,” Int. Geol. Rev. 44 (5), 859–876 (2002).
E. V. Sharkov and A. V. Chistyakov, “The Early Paleoproterozoic Monchegorsk layered mafite–ultramafite massif in the Kola Peninsula: geology, petrology, and ore potential,” Petrology 20 (7), 607–639 (2012).
E. V. Sharkov, V. F. Smolkin, and I. S. Krassivskaya, “Early Proterozoic igneous province of siliceous high-Mg boninite-like rocks in the eastern Baltic Shield,” Petrology 5 (5), 448–465 (1997).
S. G. Skublov and E. N. Terekhov, “High-pressure granulites of the Kandalaksha Massif: geochemistry of minerals and metamorphic conditions,” Dokl. Earth Sci. 425 (3), 409–414 (2009).
S. G. Skublov, Rare-Earth Element Geochemistry of Rock- Forming Metamorphic Minerals (Nauka, St. Petersburg, 2005) [in Russian].
V. F. Smolkin, V. V. Borisova, S. A. Svetov, and A. E. Borisov, “Late Archean komatiites of the Ura Bay–Titovka structure, northwestern Kola Region,” Petrology 8 (2), 177–199 (2000).
N. V. Sobolev, “Paragenetic types of garnets,” in Proceedings on Genetic and Experimental Petrography (SO AN SSSR, Novosibirsk, 1963) [in Russian].
S. R. Taylor and S. M. McLennan, The Continental Crust: its Composition and Evolution (Blackwell, Oxford, 1988).
E. N., Terekhov, “Lapland–Belomorian mobile belt as an example of the root zone of the Paleoproterozoic rift system,” Litosfera, No. 6, 15–39 (2007).
E. N. Terekhov, and L. B. Efremova, “Evolution of REE contents in rocks of the Eastern Baltic Shield as indicators of geodynamic environments,” Geochem. Int. 43 (11), 1065–1077 (2005).
E. N. Terekhov, and V. I. Levitskii, Granulites of the Lapland Belt: rare-earth elements and problems of genesis,” Izv. Vyssh. Ucheb. Zaved. Geol. Razved., No. 5, 3–17 (1993).
E. N. Terekhov, and T. F. Shcherbakova, “Genesis of positive Eu anomalies in acid rocks from the eastern Baltic Shield,” Geochem. Int. 44 (5), 439–455 (2006).
C. W. Thomas and P. H. Nixon, “Lower crustal granulite xenoliths in carbonatite volcanoes of the Western Rift of East Africa,” Mineral. Mag. 51 (363), 621–633 (1987).
V. V. Travin, and N. E. Kozlova, “Local shear deformations as a cause of eclogitization: evidence from the Gridino melange zone, Belomorian Mobile Belt,” Dokl. Earth Sci. 405A (9), 1275–1279 (2005).
O. I. Volodichev, A. I. Slabunov, E. V. Bibikova, A. N. Konilov, and T. I. Kuzenko, “Archean eclogites in the Belomorian Mobile Belt, Baltic Shield,” Petrology 12 (6), 540–560 (2004).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © E.N. Terekhov, T.F. Shcherbakova, A.N. Konilov, 2016, published in Geokhimiya, 2016, No. 11, pp. 1000–1014.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Terekhov, E.N., Shcherbakova, T.F. & Konilov, A.N. Olivine-bearing rocks of the Lapland granulite belt (Baltic Shield). Geochem. Int. 54, 964–978 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1134/S001670291609010X
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S001670291609010X