Abstract
Multiphase reactive systems can exhibit highly dynamic combustion phenomena that could be better understood by using recently developed high-repetition-rate optical diagnostic and imaging approaches. Here, we present an overview of recent activities using high-speed (5 kHz) OH planar laser-induced fluorescence to visualize and make measurements in several multiphase reactive systems. This technique is used to visualize the dynamically changing OH concentration in the gas phase near the surface of solids, liquids, and gels. In addition to gas-phase OH imaging, condensed phases of various solid propellants, gels, and liquids are found to fluoresce when exposed to the laser radiation centered at 283.2 nm. Simultaneous imaging of condensed phases and gasphase OH radical fluorescence has proven to be particularly useful for various measurements, and several examples are presented.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
G. Kychakoff, R. D. Howe, R. K. Hanson, and J. C. Mc-Daniel, “Quantitative Visualization of Combustion Species in a Plane,” Appl. Opt. 21 (18), 3225–3227 (1982).
R. K. Hanson, “Combustion Diagnostics: Planar Imaging Techniques,” Symp. (Int.) on Combustion 21 (1), 1681–1691 (1984).
M. J. Dyer and D. R. Crosley, “Fluorescence Imaging for Flame Chemistry,” Proc. Int. Conf. Laser 84, 211–218 (1985).
V. G. McDonnell, G. S. Samuelson, “Measurement of Fuel Mixing and Transport Processes in Gas Turbine Combustion,” Measur. Sci. Technol. 11 (7), 870 (2000).
I. Boxx, M. Stohr, C. Carter, and W. Meier, “Sustained Multi-kHz Flamefront and 3-component Velocity-Field Measurements for the Study of Turbulent Flames,” Appl. Phys. B 95 (1), 23–29 (2009).
S. H. R. Muller, B. Bohm, M. Gleibner, S. Ardnt, and A. Dreizler, “Analysis of the Temporal Flame Kernel Development in an Optically Accessible IC Engine using High-Speed OH-PLIF,” Appl. Phys. B 100 (3), 447–452 (2010).
B. Peterson and V. Sick, “Simultaneous Flow Field and Fuel Concentration Imaging at 4.8 kHz in an Operating Engine,” Appl. Phys. B 94 (7), 887–895 (2009).
C. Heeger, B. Bohm, S. F. Ahmed, R. Gordon, I. Boxx, W. Meier, and E. Mastorakos, “Statistics of Relative and Absolute Velocities of Turbulent Non-Premixed Edge Flames Following Spark Ignition,” Proc. Combust. Inst. 32 (2), 2957–2964 (2009).
J. Hult, A. Omrane, J. Nygren, C. Kaminski, B. Axelsson, R. Collin, and M. Alden, “Quantitative Three-Dimensional Imaging of Soot Volume Fraction in Turbulent Non-Premixed Flames,” Exp. Fluids 33 (2), 265–269 (2002).
J. Nygren, J. Hult, M. Richter, M. Alden, M. Christensen, A. Hultqvist, and B. Johansson, “Three-Dimensional Laser Induced Fluorescence of Fuel Distributions in an HCCI Engine,” Proc. Combust. Inst. 29 (1), 679–685 (2002).
I. Boxx, C. Heeger, R. Gordon, B. Böhm, M. Aigner, A. Dreizler, and W. Meier, “Simultaneous Three Component PIV/OH-PLIF Measurements of a Turbulent Lifted, C3H8 Argon Jet-Flame at (Sustained) 1.5 kHz Repetition Rate,” Proc. Combust. Inst. 32 (1), 905–912 (2009).
B. K. Bastress, K. P. Hall, and M. Summerfield, “Modification of the Burning Rates of Solid Propellants by Oxidizer Particle Size Control,” Amer. Rocket Soc. Paper, 1597–1561 (1961).
M. D. Smooke, R. A. Yetter, T. P. Parr, D. M. Hanson-Parr, M. A. Tanoff, M. B. Colket, and R. J. Hall, “Computational and Experimental Study of Ammonium Perchlorate/ Ethylene Counterflow Diffusion Flames,” Proc. Combust. Inst. 28 (2), 2013–2020 (2000).
B. T. Chorpening, G. M. Knott, and M. Q. Brewster, “Flame Structure and Burning Rate of Ammonium Perchlorate/Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene Propellant Sandwiches,” Proc. Combust. Inst. 28 (1), 847–853 (2000).
T. D. Hedman, K. Y. Cho, A. Satija, L. J. Groven, R. P. Lucht, and S. F. Son, “Experimental Observation of the Flame Structure of a Bimodal Ammonium Perchlorate Composite Propellant Using 5 kHz PLIF,” Combust. Flame 159 (1), 427–437 (2012).
K. Y. Cho, T. D. Hedman, A. Satija, R. P. Lucht, S. F. Son, and T. L. Pourpoint, “Microexplosion Investigation of Monomethylhydrazine Gelled Droplet with oh Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence,” J. Propul. Power 29 (6), 1303–1310 (2013).
J. M. Seitzman and R. K. Hanson, “Planar Laser-Fluorescence Imaging of Combustion Gases,” Appl. Phys. B 50 (6), 441–454 (1990).
B. Natan and S. Rahimi, “The Status of Gel Propellants in Year 2000,” Int. J. Energetic Mater. Chem. Propul. 5 (1), 1–6 (2002).
S. Rahimi, A. Peretz, and B. Natan, “On Shear Rheology of Gel Propellants,” Propell., Explos., Pyrotech. 32 (2), 165–172 (2007).
Y. Solomon, B. Natan, and Y. Cohen, “Combustion of Gel Fuels Based on Organic Gellants,” Combust. Flame 156 (1), 261–268 (2009).
A. Kunin, B. Natan, and J. B. Greenberg, “Theoretical Model of the Transient Combustion of Organic-Gellant Based Gel Fuel Droplets,” J. Propul. Power 26 (4), 765–771 (2010).
M. Pfeil, L. J. Groven, R. P. Lucht, and S. F. Son, “Effects of Ammonia Borane on the Combustion of an Ethanol Droplet at Atmospheric Pressure,” Combust. Flame 160 (10), 2194–2203 (2013).
T. R. Sippel, “Characterization of Nanoscale Aluminum and Ice Solid Propellants: M.S. Thesis,” in Mechanical Engineering Department, Purdue University (West Lafayette, Ind, USA, 2009).
R. D. Hancock, K. E. Bertagnolli, and R. P. Lucht, “Nitrogen and Hydrogen CARS Temperature Measurements in a Hydrogen/Air Flame using a Near-Adiabatic Flat-Flame Burner,” Combust. Flame 109 (3), 323–331 (1997).
T. Edwards, D. P. Weaver, and D. H. Campbell, “Laser-Induced Fluorescence in High Pressure Solid Propellant Flames,” Appl. Opt. 26 (17), 3496–3509 (1987).
T. D. Hedman, D. A. Reese, K. Y. Cho, L. J. Groven, R. P. Lucht, and S. F. Son, “An Experimental Study of the Effects of Catalysts on an Ammonium Perchlorate Based Composite Propellant using 5 kHz PLIF,” Combust. Flame 159 (4), 1748–1758 (2012).
T. D. Hedman, K. Y. Cho, L. J. Groven, R. P. Lucht, and S. F. Son, “The Diffusion Flame Structure of an Ammonium Perchlorate Based Composite Propellant at Elevated Pressures,” Proc. Combust. Inst. 34 (1), 649–656 (2013).
A. I. Atwood, T. L. Boggs, P. O. Curran, T. P. Parr, D. M. Hanson-Parr, C. F. Price, and J. Wiknich, “Burning Rate of Solid Propellant Ingredients, Part 1: Pressure and Initial Temperature Effects,” J. Propul. Power 15 (6), 740–747 (1999).
R. L. Derr and T. L. Boggs, “Role of Scanning Electron Microscopy in the Study of Solid Propellant Combustion: Part III. The Surface Structure and Profile Characteristics of Burning Composite Solid Propellants,” Combust. Sci. Technol. 1 (5), 369–384 (1970).
M. Alden, J. Bood, Z. Li, and M. Richter, “Visualization and Understanding of Combustion Processes using Spatially and Temporally Resolved Laser Diagnostic Techniques,” Proc. Combust. Inst. 33 (1), 69–97 (2011).
N. M. Laurendeau, “Temperature Measurements by Light-Scattering Methods,” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 14 (2), 147–170 (1988).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © T.D. Hedman, K.Y. Cho, M.A. Pfeil, A. Satija, H.C. Mongia, L.J. Groven, R.P. Lucht, S.F. Son.
Published in Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 52, No. 1, pp. 3–17, January–February, 2016.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hedman, T.D., Cho, K.Y., Pfeil, M.A. et al. High speed OH PLIF applied to multiphase combustion (Review). Combust Explos Shock Waves 52, 1–13 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0010508216010019
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0010508216010019