Skip to main content

Latin American Media: The Challenges to Pluralism

  • Chapter
Media Pluralism and Diversity

Part of the book series: Palgrave Global Media Policy and Business ((GMPB))

Abstract

As outlined in previous chapters, the EU Media Pluralism Monitor (hereafter ‘MPM’) identifies six dimensions through which media pluralism can be assessed (basic tier, ownership, types and genres, cultural, political and geographic diversity). In Latin America, media pluralism has not been a matter of policy, but of politics. The first section of this chapter will discuss three aspects of politics that have shaped the post-transitory media systems in Latin America.1 The second section will analyse the impact of these aspects on the six dimensions of media pluralism identified by the MPM in order to understand how pluralism, as conceptualized in the EU (KU Leuven — ICRI et al. 2009), has been both challenged and inadequately promoted in Latin America.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • ADC/Open Society (2008) El precio del silencio: Abuso de publicidad oficial y otras formas de censura indirecta en América Latina (Buenos Aires: Asociación por los Derechos Civiles; New York: Open Society Institute).

    Google Scholar 

  • Biondi, A. and Charão, C. (2008) ‘Terra de Gigantes’, Adusp, 42, 6–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonilla, S. and González, E. and J.I. (2010) ‘La decisión de la CNTV no garantiza el derecho a la información’, Eje, 21, http://www.eje21.com.co/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=10875&Itemid=2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christofoletti, R. (2003) ‘Dez impasses para uma efetiva critica de midia no Brasil’, paper presented at the INTERCOM Conference, Belo Horizonte, September.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corrales, O. and Sandoval, J. (2005) ‘Concentración del Mercado de los Medios, Pluralismo y Libertad de expresión’ (Chile: ICEI, Universidad de Chile), 1– 22, http://www.comunicacion.uchile.cl/docs/corrales2005.pdf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Costa, S. and Brener, J. (1997) ‘Coronelismo eletronico: o gobernó Fernando Henrique e o novo capitulo de uma velha historia’, Comunicacao e Politica, 4(2), 29–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • CPJ (Committee to Protect Journalists) (2010) ‘Attacks on the Press 2010: Americas Analysis. In Latin America a Return of Censorship’, http://cpj.org/2011/02/attacks-on-the-press-2010-americas-analysis.php.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenstadt, S. and Roniger, L. (1984) Patrons, Clients and Friends: Impersonal Relations and the Structure of Trust in Society (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Encuesta Sociedad: Jóvenes en México (2012) (México: UNESCO-UIA-Gabinete de Comunicación Estratégica).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fox, E. and Waisbord, S. (eds) (2002) Latin Politics, Global Media (Austin: University of Texas Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Freedom House (2002 and 2011) ‘Map of Press Freedom’, http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=251&year=2002; http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=251&year=2011.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guerrero, M.A. (2009) The Emergence of Political Pluralism in Mexican Broadcasting (Germany: VDM Verlag).

    Google Scholar 

  • Guerrero, M.A. (2010) ‘Broadcasting and Democracy in Mexico: From Corporatist Subordination to State Capture’, Policy and Society, 29, 23–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guerrero, M.A. (2014) Conexión pública: consume mediatico y condición ciudadana en la vida cotidiana (Mexico: UNESCO-Universidad Iberoamericana).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gwynne, R. and Kay, C. (eds) (2004) Latin America Transformed: Globalization and Modernity (London: Arnold).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hallin, D. and Mancini, P. (2004) Comparing Media Systems. Three Models of Media and Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hallin, D. and Papathanassopoulos, S. (2002) ‘Political Clientelism and the Media: Southern Europe and Latin America in Comparative Perspective’, Media, Culture & Society, 24(2), 175–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Internet World Stats. (2012) ‘Latin America Internet Usage Statistics’, www.internetworldstats.com.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawson, C. (2002) Building the Fourth Estate: Democratization and the Rise of a Free Press in Mexico (Berkeley, CA/London: University of California Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • KU Leuven — ICRI, Jönköping International Business School — MMTC, Central European University — CMCS, Ernst & Young Consultancy Belgium (2009), Independent Study on Indicators for Media Pluralism in the Member States — Towards a Risk- Based Approach (Final Report and Annexes: User Guide, MPM, Country Reports, prepared for the European Commission) (Brussels: European Commission), http://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/en/independent-study-indicators-media-pluralism (‘EU MPM Study’).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lima, V. (2003) ‘Existe concentração na mídia brasileira? Sim’, in Observatório da Imprensa, http://www.observatoriodaimprensa.com.br/artigos/plq010720031.htm.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, M.C. (2009) ‘La estructura de la Televisión en Guatemala: La incidencia político social y el análisis de los contenidos informativos’, PhD Dissertation, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, http://eprints.ucm.es/9575/1/T31307.pdf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malloy, J. and Seligson, M. (1987) Authoritarians and Democrats: Regime Transitions in Latin America (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mastrini, G. and Becerra, M. (2006) Periodistas y Magnates: Estructura y concentración de las industrias culturales en América Latina (Buenos Aires: Prometeo Ediciones).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mastrini, G. and Bolaño, C. (2000) Globalización y monopolios en la comunicación en América Latina (Buenos Aires: Biblos).

    Google Scholar 

  • Matos, C. (2012) Media and Politics in Latin America (London: I.B. Tauris).

    Google Scholar 

  • Moreno, A. (2012) ‘Encuesta. Así votaron’, Reforma, 2 July.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reséndiz, F. (2007) ‘El fantasma detrás del poder en América Latina’, El Universal, 28 January, http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/403094.html.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rey, G. (2012) ‘La Nueva Ley de Televisión, o el Síndrome del Comunero’, Razónpública.com, January 16, http://bit.ly/Jm04WU.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rivadeneyra Olcese, C. (2007) ‘Las otras radios: El complejo escenario de la radio en el Perú’, Contratexto Digital, Universidad de Lima, 6(7), http://www.ulima.edu.pe/Revistas/contratexto/v7/PDFs/13-Rivadeneyra.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Rockwell, R. and Janus, N. (2003) Media Power in Central America (Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruíz-Tagle, P. (2011) ‘Propiedad de los medios y principios de intervención del Estado para garantizar la libertad de expresión en Chile’, Revista de Derecho, Universidad Católica del Norte, 18(2), 347–359.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salinas Maldonado, C. (2011) ‘Un magnate que pone presidentes en Guatemala’, Confidencial, 5 December, http://www.confidencial.com.ni/articulo/5525/unmagnate-que-ldquo-pone-presidentes-rdquo-en-guatemala.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sánchez Ruiz, E. (1987) Centralización, poder y comunicación en México (Guadalajara: Universidad de Guadalajara).

    Google Scholar 

  • Semiocast (2012) ‘Twitter Reaches Half a Billion Accounts’, http://semiocast.com/en/publications/2012_07_30_Twitter_reaches_half_a_billion_accounts_140m_in_the_US.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sirven, P. (2011) Perón y los medios de comunicación, la conflictiva relación de los gobiernos justicialistas con la prensa. 1943– 2011 (Buenos Aires: Editorial Sudamericana).

    Google Scholar 

  • Social Bakers (2012) ‘Facebook Statistics by Country’, http://www.socialbakers.com/facebook- statistics.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strickon, A. and Greenfield, S. (eds) (1972) Structure and Process in Latin America: Patronage, Clientage and Power Systems (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunkel, G. and Geoffroy, E. (eds) (2001) Concentración Económica de los Medios de Comunicación (Santiago: Lom).

    Google Scholar 

  • Valcke, P. , Picard, R., Sükösd, M., Klimkiewicz, B., Petkovic, B., dal Zotto, C. and Kerremans, R. (2010) ‘The European Media Pluralism Monitor’, Journal of Media Law, 2(1), 85–113.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waisbord, S. (2000a) ‘Media in South America: Between the Rock of the State and the Hard Place of the Market’, in J. Curran and M. Park (eds) De- Westernizing Media Studies (London: Arnold).

    Google Scholar 

  • Waisbord, S. (2000b) Watchdog Journalism in South America (New York: Columbia University Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Waisbord, S. (2008) ‘The Myth of Media Globalization — By K. Hafez’, The British Journal of Sociology, 59(3), 592–594.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 2015 Manuel Alejandro Guerrero

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Guerrero, M.A. (2015). Latin American Media: The Challenges to Pluralism. In: Valcke, P., Sükösd, M., Picard, R.G. (eds) Media Pluralism and Diversity. Palgrave Global Media Policy and Business. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137304308_12

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics