Abstract
It is difficult to imagine politics without parties. But, what are they? It seems that the best way to define political parties is to consider some of their key features. According to Alan Ware, “A political party is an institution that: (a) seeks influence in the state, often by attempting to occupy a position of government, and (b) usually consists of more than a single interest in the society and so to some degree attempts to aggre-gate interests.”1 In liberal democracies, parties are popularly perceived as differing from one another in terms of the ideologies they espouse. They have their own ideas and approaches on the relations between state and society and on the role of the state. As Klaus von Beyme says, “Over the longer term, only parties based on an ideology have succeeded in establishing themselves.”2
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Notes
Alan Ware, Political Parties and Party Systems (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996), p. 5.
Klaus von Bayme, Political Parties in Western Democracies (Aldershot: Gower Publishing, 1985), p. 29.
Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova, “Democracy in Multiethnic and Multicultural Society — Between Demos and Ethos,” in Natasha Nikolova (ed.), Macedonia on Globalization (New York: Global Scholarly Publications, 2004), p. 191.
Giovanni Sartori, Parties and Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976).
Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova, “Organizational Structures and Internal Party Democracy in the Republic of Macedonia,” in Georgi Karasimeonov (ed.), Organizational Structures and Internal Party Democracy in South Eastern Europe (Sofia: Gorex Press, 2005), p. 57.
Seymour Martin Lipset, Politički čovek (Beograd: Rad, 1969).
Daniel Bell, The End of Ideology?: On the Exhaustion of Political Ideas in 1950s (New York: Free Press, 1960), p. 16.
Francis Fukuyama, The End of History and the Last Man (Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin, 1992), p. 13.
Anthony Giddens, Beyond Left and Right: The Future of Radical Politics (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1994), p. 19.
Vladimir Goati, Političke partije i partijski sistemi (Podgorica: FPN Podgorica, 2008), p. 40.
Otto Kirchheimer, “The Transformation of the Western European Party Systems,” in Joseph La Palombara and Myron Weiner (eds), Political Parties and Political Development (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996), p. 46.
Sigmund Neumann, Modern Political Parties (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1956).
See Joseph Schumpeter, Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy (London: Allen and Unwin, 1942).
See Anthony Downs, An Economic Theory of Democracy (New York: Harper & Row, 1957).
David Easton, The Political System, 3rd ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981).
Leon D. Epstein, Political Parties in Western Democracies (London: Pall Mall, 1967);
Anthony Downs, An Economic Theory of Democracy (New York: Harper, 1957);
Maurice Duverger, Political Parties (London: Methuen, 1954);
Giovanni Sartori, Parties and Party Systems (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1967);
and Angelo Panebianco, Political Parties: Organization and Power (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988).
Gordana Slijanovska-Davkova, Democracy in Multiethnic and Multicultural Society — Between Demos and Ethnos in Macedonia and Globalization (New York: Global Scholarly Publications, 2004), pp. 205–12.
For example, Arend Lijphart, Demokratijata vo pluralnite opstestva (Skopje: Step, 1994);
and Arend Lijphart, Modeli demokratije: Oblici i učinak vlade u 36 zernalja (Belgrade: Službeni glasnik SCG, 2003).
Wolf Linder, Stabilizing and Reconciling the Balkans (Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001), p. 5.
Sir Bernard R. Crick, In Defence of Politics, 5th ed. (Harmondsworth and New York: Penguin, 2000), p. 21.
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© 2013 Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova
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Siljanovska-Davkova, G. (2013). Political Parties, Values, and Democratic Consolidation. In: Ramet, S.P., Listhaug, O., Simkus, A. (eds) Civic and Uncivic Values in Macedonia. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137302823_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137302823_7
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