Abstract
Following the discussion of the historical development of dance theatre in Chapter 2, this chapter locates the practice of contemporary dance theatre choreographers within the context of both the current Irish dance landscape and international dance theatre practice. As shown in the previous chapter, although there are several examples of interdisciplinary choreographies to be found in Ireland prior to the work of companies in the 1990s and beyond, the earlier practitioners found it difficult to achieve any substantial level of support or understanding for their work. Although they themselves were connected to international developments, Yeats, Brady and Davis were situated in geographic isolation from their European and US peers, and were all considered to be operating as lone pioneers in Ireland, struggling to forge a niche for their dance theatre practice in a largely unwelcoming cultural terrain. In contrast with this, the wave of dance companies founded in Ireland in the early 1990s began to establish a critical mass in the area of contemporary dance, and so when CoisCéim and Fabulous Beast emerged in the mid-90s, they joined a small, yet vibrant, contemporary dance scene. Yet the work of these two companies, positioned as it is between dance and theatre, differed in content and aesthetic from the practice of other dance companies.
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Notes
See for example André Lepecki’s, ‘Skin, Body, and Presence in Contemporary European Choreography’, in The Drama Review, 43 (4) (Winter) 1999, pp. 129–40
Gerald Siegmund’s ‘Von Monströsen und anderen Obszönitäten: Die Sichtbarkeit des Körpers im zeitgenössischen Tanz’ in Erika Fischer-Lichte (ed.), Transformationen: Theater der Neunziger fahre (Berlin: Theater der Zeit, 1999), pp. 121–32. Lepecki also discusses Raymond Whitehead’s complaint about Jérôme Bel in his book Exhausting Dance: Performance and the Politics of Movement (New York: Routledge, 2006).
Diana Theodores, Dancing on the Edge of Europe: Irish Choreographers in Conversation (Cork: Institute for Choreography and Dance, 2003), p. 28.
Sally Banes, Terpsichore in Sneakers (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1980). Banes’ categorisation of the work of the Judson Dance Theatre as being postmodern while simultaneously embodying Clement Greenberg’s reductive, formalist description of ‘modernist’ art, has been challenged by recent dance scholarship.
Both Burt (Judson Dance Theatre: Performative Traces, London: Routledge, 2008) and Manning in Ecstasy and the Demon: the Dances of Mary Wigman (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2006) argue that Banes’ theory reduces discussions of dance to its formal aspects at the expense of sociological and ideological factors, and also that it does not account for the developments outside of the US (particularly in Germany) or heterogeneous developments within the US.
MacRéamoinn, ‘Introduction’, in A Guide to Independent Choreographers and Dance Companies (Dublin: Dance Ireland, 2007), p. 9.
Helena Wulff, Dancing at the Crossroads: Memory and Mobility in Ireland (Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2007), p. l.
See Franko, Dancing Modernism/Performing Politics (Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1995), p. x.
See Lynn Garafola, Diaghilev’s Ballets Russes (Oxford University Press, 1989).
Dee Reynolds, ‘The Dancer as Woman: Loïe Fuller and Stéphane Mallarmé’, in Richard Hobbs (ed.), Impressions of Trench Modernity: Art and Literature in Trance 1850–1900 (Manchester University Press, 1998), p. 161.
Susan Manning cites Marcia Siegel’s book, The Shapes of Change: Image of American Dance (1979), as an early example of the questioning of the ‘Americanness of American modern dance’ (Manning, Ecstasy and the Demon, p. 255). See also Ramsay Burt, Alien Bodies: Representations of Modernity, ‘Race’ and Nation in Early Modern Dance (London: Routledge, 1998)
Mark Franko, Dancing Modernism/Performing Politics (2005).
Benson and Manning, ‘Interrupted Continuities: Modern Dance in Germany’, in Dils and Cooper Albright (eds), Moving History/Dancing Cultures: a Dance History Reader (Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press, 2001), p. 219.
See Stöckemann and Müller, ‘… jeder Mensch ist ein Tänzer’: Ausdruckstanz in Deutschland zwischen 1900 und 1945 (Giessen: Anabas, 1993), p. 12 and Manning, Ecstasy and the Demon, p. 74.
Patricia Stöckemann, Etwas ganz Neues muss nun Entstehen: Kurt Jooss und das Tanztheater (Munich: Kieser, 2001), pp. 11–12. All translations from German to English throughout are the author’s own.
See Jean-George Noverre’s ‘Letter 1’ from Letters on Dancing and Ballets, in Cohen and Copeland (eds), What is Dance?: Readings in Theory and Criticism (Oxford University Press, 1983), pp. 10–15. Stöckemann writes of Jooss’ genre difficulties and his admiration of Noverre in Etwas ganz Neues muss nun Enstehen, pp. 266–7’.
Anthony Tudor’s choreographic style has been described as ‘psychological’, and he used expressive gesture to convey emotion. His style could be viewed, then, as being related to Ausdruckstanz, and so, although Bausch was in the birthplace of US postmodern dance, she in fact stayed within an expressive tradition. There is some debate amongst dance scholars as to the degree of influence that the very early developments of the Judson Dance Theatre (1962–4), which were happening concurrently to Bausch’s time in New York, had on her practice (see Royd Climenhaga, Pina Bausch (Oxford: Routledge, 2009), p. 9). Ramsay Burt suggests that the developments of Bausch’s Tanztheater and US postmodern dance have had more in common than has previously been thought. He writes that Bausch and Judson choreographer Trisha Brown, who is aligned with ‘pure, abstract dance’, ‘are almost set up as paradigmatic opposites where innovative dance practice is concerned’, and that for many US critics, ‘Bausch is a bogey figure who seems to attack the very of idea of dance, which in their view [Trisha] Brown exemplifies’ (Judson Dance Theatre, p. 1.)
David Price, cited in Gabrielle Cody, ‘Woman, Man, Dog, Tree: Two Decades of Intimate and Monumental Bodies in Pina Bausch’s Tanztheater’, The Drama Review, 42 (2) (Summer) 1998, p. 119.
David Bolger in Mulrooney, Irish Moves: an Illustrated History of Dance and Physical Theatre in Ireland (Dublin: The Liffey Press, 2006), p. 150.
Anette Guse, ‘Talk to Her! Look at her! Pina Bausch in Pedro Almodóvar’s Hable con ella’, Seminar: a Journal of Germanic Studies, 43 (4), (November) 2007, p. 428.
Servos writes: ‘So lassen sich einige Kernbegriffe des didaktischen Theaters, wenngleich ohne den lehrstückhaften Anspruch, im Wuppertaler Tanztheater wiederfinden: der Gestus des Zeigens, das bewusste Ausstellen von Vorgängen, die Technik der Verfremdung sowie eine besondere Verwendung der Komik […]’ ([Many of the core terms of the didactic theatre, albeit without the ‘Lehrstueck’ pretensions, can be found in the Wuppertal Tanztheater; the Gestus, the knowing display of process, the technique of alienation as well as a particular use of the comic]), Norbert Servos, Pina Bausch: Tanztheater (München: K. Kieser, 2003), p. 25.
Susanne Schlicher, TanzTheater: Traditionen und Freiheiten: Pina Bausch, Gerhard Bohner, Reinhild Hoffmann, Hans Kresnik, Susanne Linke (Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1987), p. 84.
Claudia Jeschke and Gabi Vettermann in Grau and Jordan, Europe Dancing: Perspectives on Theatre Dance and Cultural Identity (London: Routledge, 2000), p. 66.
Johannes Birringer, ‘Pina Bausch: Dancing Across Borders’, The Drama Review: TDR, 30 (2), (Summer, 1986), p. 95.
Judith Mackrell, ‘Post-Modern Dance in Britain: an Historical Essay’, in Dance Research: the Journal of the Society for Dance Research, 9 (1) (Spring, 1991), p. 54. Former DV8 associate Liam Steele’s collaboration with CoisCéim on Knots (2005) creates a link between the two companies.
Keegan-Dolan cited in Brendan McCarthy, ‘Celtic Tiger’, Dance Now, 16 (4), (Winter) 2007/2008, p. 52.
André Lepecki, ‘Concept and Presence: The Contemporary European Dance Scene’, in Carter, Rethinking Dance History: a Reader (London: Routledge, 2004), p. 170.
The intertwining of step dancing and competition stretches back to the earliest records of the form. See Brennan, The Story of Irish Dance (Dingle: Brandon, 1999)
Hall, Competitive Irish Dancing: Art, Sport, Duty (Madison: Macater Press, 2008).
Dunne cited in Michael Seaver, ‘Stepping into Footprints’, in Sherry Shapiro (ed.), Dance in a World of Change: Reflections on Globalization and Cultural Difference (Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics, 2008), p. 11.
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© 2013 Aoife McGrath
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McGrath, A. (2013). Genre Debates: the Dance and the Bathwater. In: Dance Theatre in Ireland. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137035486_3
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