Skip to main content

On the Horns of a Dilemma: State, Security, and Militancy in Indonesia

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Palgrave Handbook of Global Counterterrorism Policy
  • 2358 Accesses

Abstract

In Indonesia, the acute threat predictions of the early 2000s concerning militant Islamist ascendancy have largely failed to materialize, at least strategically. This outcome raises some interesting questions about the ways in which Indonesia’s counterterrorism policy responded to the threat. The chapter considers the character of the localized policy responses to Islamist militancy in Indonesia. By drawing on work related to “social imaginary” and “reservoirs of violence,“ it shows that rather than relying exclusively on punitive action, Indonesia’s use of various nontraditional security responses also plays a role in containing such threats.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abbas, N. (2011). Inside Jamaah Islamiyah: A former member’s true story. (Khalid Saifullah, Trans.). Jakarta: Graha Grafindo.

    Google Scholar 

  • Abushouk, A. I., & Ibrahim, H. A. (2009). The Hadhrami diaspora in Southeast Asia: Identity maintenance or assimilation? Lieden: Koninklijke Brill NV.

    Google Scholar 

  • Abuza, Z. (2005). Al Qaeda comes to Southeast Asia. In P. J. Smith (Ed.), Terrorism and violence in Southeast Asia: Transnational challenges to states and regional stability. New York: M.E. Sharpe.

    Google Scholar 

  • Abuza, Z. (2009). The rehabilitation of Jemaah Islamiyah detainees in South East Asia: A preliminary assessment. In T. Bjørgo & J. Horgan (Eds.), Leaving Terrorism behind: Individual and collective disengagement. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, B. (1991). Imagined communities: Reflections of the origins and spread of nationalism. London and New York: Verso.

    Google Scholar 

  • Atkins, S. E. (2004). Encyclopedia of modern worldwide extremists and extremist groups. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bandoro, B. (2001). Indonesia: A ‘broken-backed’ State? Indonesian Quarterly, 29(4), 333–337.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bandoro, B. (2002). War against terror: Lessons from Indonesia. Indonesian Quarterly, 30(3), 234–236.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bond, C. S. (2005, April 28). Indonesia and the changing front in the War on Terrorism. Lecture, Heritage Foundation, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carnegie, P. J. (2009). Political Islam and democratic change in Indonesia. Asian Social Science, 4(11), 3–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carnegie, P. J. (2010). The road from authoritarianism to democratization in Indonesia. New York: Palgrave McMillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Carnegie, P. J. (2013a). Is militant Islamism a busted flush in Indonesia? Journal of Terrorism Research, 4(2), 14–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carnegie, P. J. (2013b). Can an Indonesian model work in the Middle East? Middle East Quarterly, 20(3), 59–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Colombijn, F., & Lindblad, T. (Eds.). (2002). Roots of violence in Indonesia. Leiden: KILTV.

    Google Scholar 

  • Della Porta, D., & Diani, M. (1999). Social movements: An introduction. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dengel, H. (1995). Darul Islam dan Kartosuwiryo: Angan-angan yang Gagal. Jakarta: Pustaka Sinar Harapan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fealy, G. (2004). Islamic radicalism in Indonesia: The faltering revival? In D. Singh & C. K. Wah (Eds.), Southeast Asian Affairs 2004. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Formichi, C. (2010, October). Pan-Islam and religious nationalism: The case of Kartosuwiryo and Negara Islam Indonesia. Indonesia, 90, 125–146.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gershman, J. (2002). Is Southeast Asia the second front? Foreign Affairs, 81(4), 60–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartman, S. U. (2013). The roots of terrorism in Indonesia: From Darul Islam to Jema’ah Islamiyah. (Dave McRae, Trans.). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hasan, N. (2002). Faith and politics: The rise of Laskar Jihad in the era of transition in Indonesia. Indonesian Quarterly, 73(2), 4–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • HRW. (2013). Religion’s name: Abuses against religious minorities in Indonesia. New York: Human Rights Watch.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hwang, J. C. (2012). Terrorism in perspective: An assessment of ‘Jihad Project’ trends in Indonesia. Asia Pacific Issues, No. 104, September, Honolulu: East-West Center.

    Google Scholar 

  • ICG. (2007a, November 19). ‘De-radicalisation’ and Indonesian prisons. International Crisis Group, Asia Report, No. 142, Jakarta/Brussels.

    Google Scholar 

  • ICG. (2010a, November 24). Indonesia: ‘Christianization’ and intolerance. International Crisis Group, Asia Briefing No. 114, Jakarta/Brussels.

    Google Scholar 

  • ICG. (2010b, April 20). Indonesia: Jihadi surprise in Aceh. International Crisis Group, Asia Report No. 189, Jakarta/Brussels.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, M. (2008, May 31). Fighting terrorism with smart weaponry. The Sydney Morning Herald.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGlynn, J. H., Mutuloh, O., Charle, S., Hadler, J., Bujono, B., Glade-Agusta, M., & Suhartono, G. (Eds.). (2005). Indonesia in the Soeharto years: Issues, Incidents and Images. Jakarta: Lontar Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oorjitham, S. (2008, October 5). Persuading terrorists to ‘disengage’. New Straits Times.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paramudatama, R. (2012, March 26). Country’s terror network remains intact; BNPT. Jakarta Post, Jakarta.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramakrishna, K. 2009. Radical Pathways: Understanding Muslim radicalization in Indonesia. Westport, CT: Praeger Security International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roosa, J. (2003). Brawling, bombing and backing: The Security Forces as a source of insecurity. Inside Indonesia, 73, 10–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Santosa, J. C. (1996). Modernization, utopia and the rise of Islamic radicalism in Indonesia. Graduate School. Boston: Boston University.

    Google Scholar 

  • SETARA. (2012, December). Reports on freedom of religion and belief 2012. Jakarta: SETARA, Institute for Democracy and Peace.

    Google Scholar 

  • Temby, Q. (2010, April). Imagining an Islamic State in Indonesia: From Darul Islam to Jemaah Islamiyah. Indonesia, 89, 1–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teo, L. (2007, March 7). Winning hearts, minds next step in combating terror: Governments agree to promote dialogues within and across different religions. The Business Times. Singapore.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thayer, C. (2008). Radical Islam and political terrorism in Southeast Asia. In T. Chong (Ed.), Globalization and its counter-forces in Southeast Asia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Bruinessen, M. (2002). Genealogies of Islamic Radicalism in post-Suharto Indonesia. South East Asia Research, 10 (2), 117–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Dijk, C. (1980). Rebellion under the Banner of Islam: The Darul Islam in Indonesia. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paul J. Carnegie .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 2017 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Carnegie, P.J. (2017). On the Horns of a Dilemma: State, Security, and Militancy in Indonesia. In: Romaniuk, S., Grice, F., Irrera, D., Webb, S. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Global Counterterrorism Policy. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55769-8_34

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics