Abstract
In this work a comparative study of the catalytic activity of ZnO-Fe2O3 and ZnO-Fe0 0.5 wt% materials was carried out in the degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as a commercial formulation Hierbamina®, using a compound parabolic collector (CPC) reactor. The catalysts were synthesized by the sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy. The textural properties of solids were determined from N2 adsorption isotherms using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. The incorporation of Fe0 onto ZnO was demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The photocatalytic tests were performed at pH 7, using 10 mg L−1 of herbicide and 0.5 g L−1 of catalyst loading. The decay in herbicide concentration was followed by reversed-phase chromatography. A complete degradation of 2,4-D was achieved using ZnO-Fe0 while 47% of herbicide removal was attained with ZnO-Fe2O3 mixed oxide for an accumulated energy QUV ≈ 2 kJ L−1. The removal percentage of total organic carbon (TOC) during the solar photocatalytic process was superior using ZnO-Fe0, achieving 45% compared to the 15% obtained with the mixed oxide catalyst.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
R. R. Giri, H. Ozaki, T. Ishida, R. Takanami and S., Taniguchi, Chemosphere, 2007 66 1610
S. Ahmed, M. G. Rasul, W. N. Martens, R. Brown and M. A., Hashib, Desalination, 2010 261 3
S. Ahmed, M. G. Rasul, R. Brown and M. A., Hashib, J. Environ. Manage., 2011 92 311
B., Ohtani, J. Photochem. Photobiol., C, 2010 11 157
S. Malato, P. Fernández-Ibáñez, M. I. Maldonado, J. Blanco and W., Gernjak, Catal. Today, 2009 147 1
M. M. Ba-Abbad, A. A. H. Kadhum, A. B. Mohamad, M. S. Takriff and K., Sopian, Chemosphere, 2013 91 1604
J. Rodríguez, R. J. Candal, J. Solís, W. Estrada and M. A., Blesa, Solar Safe Water, 2005 9 135
S. Navarro, J. Fenoll, N. Vela, E. Ruiz and G., Navarro, J. Hazard. Mater., 2009 172 1303
M. Quintana, T. Edvinsson, A. Hagfeldt and G., Boschloo, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2007 111 1035
R. A. Mirzaie, F. Kamrani, A. A. Firooz and A. A., Khodadadi, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2012 133 311
M. L. Maya-Treviño, J. L. Guzmán-Mar, L. Hinojosa-Reyes, N. A. Ramos-Delgado, M. I. Maldonado and A. Hernández-Ramírez Ceram. Int., 2014 40 8701
A. Hernández, L. Maya, E. Sánchez-Mora and E. Sánchez J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 2007 42 71
B. M. Rajbongshi and S. K., Samdarshi, Appl. Catal., B, 2014 144 435
E. R. Bandala, C. A. Arancibia-Bulnes, S. L. Orozco and C. A., Estrada, Sol. Energy, 2004 77 503
S. P. Kamble, S. P. Deosarkar, S. B. Sawant, J. A. Moulijn and V. G., Pangarkar, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2004 43 8178
L. Wojnárovits and E. Takács Radiat. Phys. Chem., 2014 96 120
R. E. Dinnebier and S. J. L. Billinge, in Principles of powder diffraction, ed. R. E. Dinnebier and S. J. L. Billinge, RCS Publishing, Cambridge, UK, 2008, pp. 1–19
K. Lv, J. Li, X. Qing, W. Li and Q., Chen, J. Hazard. Mater., 2011 189 329
N. A. Ramos-Delgado, L. Hinojosa-Reyes, J. L. Guzman-Mar, M. A. Gracia-Pinilla and A. Hernández-Ramírez Catal. Today, 2013 209 35
S. Malato, J. Blanco, D. C. Alarcón, M. I. Maldonado, P. Fernández-Ibáñez and W. Gernjak, in Photocatalytic detoxification of water with solar energy, ed. D. Y. Goswami, Earthscan, London, 2007, 17, 130
P. Dhiman, J. Chand, A. Kumar, R. K. Kotnala, K. M. Batoo and M., Singh, J. Alloys Compd., 2013 578 235
T. Pandiyarajan, R. Udayabhaskar and B., Karthikeyan, Spectrochim. Acta, Part A, 2013 103 17
M. M. Hassan, W. Khan, A. Azama and A. H., Naqvi, J. Lumin., 2014 145 160
P. Dhiman, K. M. Batoo, R. K. Kotnala, J. Chand and M., Singh, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2013 287 287
X. Q. Wei, B. Y. Man, M. Liu, C. S. Xue, H. Z. Zhuang and C., Yang, Physica B, 2007 388 145
S. Aksoy, Y. Caglar, S. Ilican and M., Caglar, J. Alloys Compd., 2012 512 171
C. D. Wanger, W. M. Riggs, L. E. Davis, J. F. Moulder and G. E. Muilenberg, Handbook of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Perkin Elmer Corporation, Minnesota, USA, 1979
Y., Caglar, J. Alloys Compd., 2013 560 181
X. Li, D. W. Elliott and W., Zhang, Crit. Rev. Solid State Mater. Sci., 2006 31 111
Y. P. Sun, X. Q. Li, W. X. Zhang and H. P., Wang, Colloids Surf., A, 2007 308 60
W. P. Hsieh, J. R. Pan, C. Huang, Y. C. Su and Y. J., Juang, Sci. Total Environ., 2010 408 672–679
R. López and R. Gómez J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 2012 61 1
S. Sakthivel, S. U. Geissen, D. W. Bahnemanna, V. Murugesan and A., Vogelpohl, J. Photochem. Photobiol., A, 2002 148 283
S. Kumar, R. Kumar and D. P., Singh, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2009 255 8014–8018
C. Aydın, M. S. Abd El-sadek, K. Zheng, I. S. Yahia and F., Yakuphanoglu, Opt. Laser Technol., 2013 48 447–45236
M. Farbod and E., Jafarpoor, Mater. Lett., 2012 85 47–49
A. Di Paola, E. García-López, G. Marcì and L., Palmisano, J. Hazard. Mater., 2012 211-212 3–29
J. Ferraro, Low frequency vibrations of inorganic and coordination compounds, Plenum Press, New York, 1971, 72-74
Z. Ding, GQ. Lu and PF., Greenfield, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2000 104 4815
J. Fenoll, P. Flores, P. Hellín, C. M. Martínez and S., Navarro, Chem. Eng. J., 2012 204-206 54
S. Brosillon, L. Lhomme, C. Vallet, A. Bouzaza and D., Wolbert, Appl. Catal., B, 2008 78 232
C. Y. Kwan and W., Chu, Water Res., 2004 38 4213–4221
A. Correia de Velosa and R. F. Pupo Nogueira J. Environ. Manage., 2013 121 72
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This paper is published as part of the themed issue of contributions from the 8th European Meeting on Solar Chemistry and Photocatalysis: Environmental Applications held in Thessaloniki, Greece, June 2014.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Maya-Treviño, M.L., Villanueva-Rodríguez, M., Guzmán-Mar, J.L. et al. Comparison of the solar photocatalytic activity of ZnO-Fe2O3 and ZnO-Fe0 on 2,4-D degradation in a CPC reactor. Photochem Photobiol Sci 14, 543–549 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1039/c4pp00274a
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/c4pp00274a