Abstract
Suitable electron transport layers are essential for high performance planar perovskite heterojunction solar cells. Here, we use ZnO electron transport layer sputtered under oxygen-rich atmosphere at room temperature to decrease the hydroxide and then suppress decomposition of perovskite films. The perovskite films with improved crystallinity and morphology are achieved. Besides, on the ZnO substrate fabricated at oxygen-rich atmosphere, open-circuit voltage of the CH3NH3PbI3-based perovskite solar cells increased by 0.13 V. A high open-circuit voltage of 1.16 V provides a good prospect for the perovskite-based tandem solar cells. The ZnO sputtered at room temperature can be easily fabricated industrially on a large scale, therefore, compatible to flexible and tandem devices. Those properties make the sputtered ZnO films promising as electron transport materials for perovskite solar cells.
摘要
电子传输层对于N-I-P型平面钙钛矿太阳电池的性能至关重要. ZnO薄膜由于其高载流子迁移率在钙钛矿太阳电池中被广泛应用,但是薄膜内部羟基的存在影响了电池性能. 本文在磁控溅射沉积ZnO薄膜的过程中引入富氧环境来抑制ZnO中羟基的生成, 进而抑制钙钛矿薄膜的分解, 从而获得具有较高结晶质量的均匀致密的钙钛矿薄膜. 基于富氧环境下制备的ZnO作为电子传输层的钙钛矿太阳电池开压增加了0.13 V. 1.16 V的高开路电压对钙钛矿太阳电池在叠层电池中的应用提供了较好的发展前景. 此外, 室温磁控溅射制备的ZnO可以实现大面积工业化生产, 且适用于柔性和叠层器件. 该研究表明ZnO在太阳电池领域具有潜在应用.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the International Cooperation Projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology (2014DFE60170), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61474065 and 61674084), Tianjin Research Key Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology (15JCZDJC31300), the Key Project in the Science & Technology Pillar Program of Jiangsu Province (BE2014147-3), and the 111 Project (B16027).
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Author contributions Zhang X conceived the study; Yao X and Liang J carried out the experiments; Yao X and Zhang X wrote the manuscript; Zhang X and Zhao Y supervised the project; all authors discussed the results and implications and commented on the manuscript at all stages.
Conflict of interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Xin Yao is a PhD candidate of the College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering at Nankai University. Her current interests include perovskite solar cells and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells.
Xiaodan Zhang is the director of the Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Nankai University. Her research interests include the silicon and perovskite solar cells, optical/electro catalytic materials, plasma diagnostics and simulation.
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Yao, X., Liang, J., Li, T. et al. Electron transport layer driven to improve the open-circuit voltage of CH3NH3PbI3 planar perovskite solar cells. Sci. China Mater. 61, 65–72 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-017-9130-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-017-9130-x