Abstract
This paper presents the development of a cost-effective precision fiber Bragg grating (FBG) interrogation system using long-wavelength vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). Tuning properties of a long-wavelength VCSEL have been studied experimentally. An approximately quadratic dependence of its wavelength on the injection current has been observed. The overall design and key operations of this system including intensity normalization, peak detection, and quadratic curve fitting are introduced in detail. The results show that the system achieves an accuracy of 1.2 pm with a tuning range of 3 nm and a tuning rate of 1 kHz. It is demonstrated that this system is practical and effective by applied in the FBG transformer temperature monitoring.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
A. Zhang, S. Gao, G. Yan, and Y. Bai, “Advances in optical fiber Bragg grating sensor technologies,” Photonic Sensors, 2012, 2(1): 1–13.
J. Wang, T. Liu, G. Song, H. Xie, L. Li, X. Deng, et al., “Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors used in coal mines,” Photonic Sensors, 2014, 4(2): 120–124.
J. Song, Q. Jiang, Y. Huang, Y. Li, Y. Jia, X. Rong, et al., “Research on pressure tactile sensing technology based on fiber Bragg grating array,” Photonic Sensors, 2015, 5(3): 263–272.
S. Ma, J. Guo, Y. Guo, J. Chao, and B. Zhang, “On-line monitoring system for downhole temperature and pressure,” Optical Engineering, 2014, 53(8): 087102.
V. R. Pachava, S. Kamineni, S. S. Madhuvarasu, K. Putha, and V. R. Mamidi, “FBG based high sensitive pressure sensor and its low-cost interrogation system with enhanced resolution,” Photonic Sensors, 2015, 5(4): 1–9.
H. Nasim and Y. Jamil, “Recent advancements in spectroscopy using tunable diode lasers,” Laser Physics Letters, 2013, 10(4): 916–923.
Y. Huang, T. Guo, C. Lu, and H. Y. Tam, “VCSEL-based tilted fiber grating vibration sensing system,” IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2010, 22(1): 1235–1237.
B. V. Hoe, G. Lee, E. Bosman, J. Missinne, and S. Kalathimekkad, “Ultra small integrated optical fiber sensing system,” Sensors, 2012, 12(9): 12052–12069.
T. Mizunami, S. Hirose, T. Yoshinaga, and K. I. Yamamoto, “Power-stabilized tunable narrow-band source using a VCSEL and an EDFA for FBG sensor interrogation,” Measurement Science and Technology, 2013, 24(9): 094017–094023.
A. Lytkine, W. Jäger, and J. Tulip, “Frequency tuning of long-wavelength VCSELs,” Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2006, 63(5): 940–946.
M. Fernandez-Vallejo and M. Lopez-Amo, “Optical fiber networks for remote fiber optic sensors,” Sensors, 2012, 12(4): 3929–3951.
P. Wang P, X. Han, S. Guan, H. Zhao, and M. Shao, “Research on peak-detection algorithm for high-precision demodulation system of fiber Bragg grating,” International Journal of Hybrid Information Technology, 2014, 7(6): 337–344.
M. Basu and S. K. Ghorai, “Sequential interrogation of multiple FBG sensors using LPG modulation and an artificial neural network,” Measurement Science and Technology, 2015, 26(4):1–9.
X. Zhang, R. Huang, W. Huang, S. Yao, D. Hou, and M. Zheng, “Real-time temperature monitoring system using FBG sensors on an oil-immersed power transformer,” High Voltage Engineering, 2014, 40(2): 253–259.
M. R. Meshkatoddini and S. Abbospour, “Aging study and lifetime estimation of transformer mineral oil,” American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2008, 1(4): 384–388.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
About this article
Cite this article
Hu, B., Jin, G., Liu, T. et al. A precision fiber Bragg grating interrogation system using long-wavelength vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser. Photonic Sens 6, 351–358 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13320-016-0339-3
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13320-016-0339-3