Abstract
Arctic absolute sea level variations were analyzed based on multi-mission satellite altimetry data and tide gauge observations for the period of 1993–2018. The range of linear absolute sea level trends were found −2.00 mm/a to 6.88 mm/a excluding the central Arctic, positive trend rates were predominantly located in shallow water and coastal areas, and negative rates were located in high-latitude areas and Baffin Bay. Satellite-derived results show that the average secular absolute sea level trend was (2.53±0.42) mm/a in the Arctic region. Large differences were presented between satellite-derived and tide gauge results, which are mainly due to low satellite data coverage, uncertainties in tidal height processing and vertical land movement (VLM). The VLM rates at 11 global navigation satellite system stations around the Arctic Ocean were analyzed, among which 6 stations were tide gauge co-located, the results indicate that the absolute sea level trends after VLM corrected were of the same magnitude as satellite altimetry results. Accurately calculating VLM is the primary uncertainty in interpreting tide gauge measurements such that differences between tide gauge and satellite altimetry data are attributable generally to VLM.
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Acknowledgements
We acknowledge AVISO for providing the gridded satellite altimetry data, PSMSL and UHSLC for providing the tide gauge data, SONEL for providing the VLM data.
Funding
Foundation item: The Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, Ministry of Natural Resource under contract No. MESTA-2020-B005; the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation under contract No. ZR2020QD087; the National Key R&D Program of China under contract Nos 2017YFC0306003 and 2016YFB0501703; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42104035 and 41706115.
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Fu, Y., Feng, Y., Zhou, D. et al. Absolute sea level variability of Arctic Ocean in 1993–2018 from satellite altimetry and tide gauge observations. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 40, 76–83 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-021-1820-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-021-1820-4