Abstract
Introduction
Anal fissure is described as a linear defect, or laceration, in the anoderm, located between the dentate line and the anal verge. An acute fissure is a simple laceration, whereas a chronic anal fissure is an ulceration with built-up scarred edges and exposed internal anal sphincter muscle fibers at its base. Additional findings may include a perianal skin tag at the external margin of the fissure and a hypertrophied papilla at the dentate.
Methods
This is a randomised control study that included 50 patients, divided in two groups, who were treated with lateral internal sphincterotomyunder local anaesthesia (group A) and spinal anaesthesia (group B) in Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India, from May 2014 to November 2015. The follow-up period ranged from 2- 6 months.
Results
Fissure persistence or recurrence was found in 1 patient (4.16%) after 2 months in group B, and none in patients of group A. Wound healed by epithelization with mean of 1 week in group A, while it required 2 to 3 weeks for group B wounds to heal. There was wound infection in 5 out of 24 patients in group B (20.8%). There was no incontinence of flatus or stool in any of the patients in both groups.
Conclusions
Lateral internal sphincterotomy is now considered the treatment of choice for anal fissure, because it is a day care surgery, it causes less pain, it has negligible chances of recurrence and wound infection and is more effective in management of chronic anal fissure.
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Sarkar, S., Kapur, N. Lateral internal sphincterotomy under local and spinal anaesthesia for chronic anal fissure: A randomised control trial. Hellenic J Surg 88, 398–401 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13126-016-0358-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13126-016-0358-y