Abstract
Acrylic substrates made from polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) are anticipated to develop craze and scratches owing to their continual wear. In this study, novel silane modified acrylic resin based organic-inorganic hybrid coating materials have been formulated to provide protection to PMMA substrates against wear. Varied amounts (5, 10 and 15 % wt./wt.) of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) were added to the acrylic resin solution (containing xylene and 10% ammonia) and the resultant hybrid coating materials were then coated on PMMA substrates through the dip coating method. The hybrid coating materials were transformed into hard coats upon hydrolysis, condensation and cross-linking. The coated samples were characterized to assess the effect of TEOS addition on optical and mechanical properties as well as abrasion resistance of the hybrid coatings. Hardness, stiffness and reduced elastic modulus of the dry coatings obtained through the instrumented indentation technique were observed to increase (up to ca. 56%, 28% and 65% respectively) whereas their viscous nature and plasticity decreased with the addition of TEOS. The hybrid coatings also demonstrated improved wet abrasion resistance which augurs well with their physico-mechanical properties. These observations can be ascribed to the combined contributions of organic-inorganic phase interactions in the coating materials via hydrogen bonding and the formation of cross-linked silica structures as observed through infrared spectroscopy and microscopy.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Dr. Mayank Dwivedi, Outstanding Scientist and Director, DMSRDE Kanpur for providing necessary guidance and support to accomplish the reported work. The authors would also like to extend their gratitude to all the members of Polymers and Rubber Division of DMSRDE for providing necessary help and assistance to execute this work. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Kavita Agarwal and Mr. Rakesh Kumar for SEM analysis as well as Mr. Shilendra Kumar and Dr. Sunil Kumar for the wet abrasion tests. The authors would like to furthermore thank Prof. Kantesh Balani for extending the instrumented indentation facility at Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur for this research work.
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Vishal Das (V.D.) contributed to: study conception and design; material preparation, data collection and analysis; preparation of the first draft of the manuscript.
Dr. Ajit Shankar Singh (A.S.S.) contributed to: study conception and design; material preparation, data collection and analysis.
Abhishek Singh (A.S.) contributed to: material preparation, data collection and analysis.
Preeti Mishra (P.M.) contributed to: material preparation, data collection and analysis.
Dr. Dibyendu Sekhar Bag (D.S.B.) contributed to: study conception and design; review and revision of the manuscript.
All the authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Das, V., Singh, A.S., Singh, A. et al. Formulation and Characterization of Silane Modified Acrylic Based Transparent Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Coatings for Improved Instrumented Indentation Hardness of PMMA. Silicon 16, 5243–5256 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-024-03079-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-024-03079-5