Abstract
The natural Montmorillonite (Mt) clay was modified with three newly synthesized cationic surfactants such as 2-(dodecanoyloxy)-N,Nbis(2-hydroxyethyl)-N(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)ethane-1-ammonium chloride, 2-hydroxy- N- (2-hydroxyethyl) - N (oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-N-(2-(tetradecanoyloxy) ethyl) ethane-1-ammonium chloride and 2-hydroxy- N- (2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-N- palmitoyloxy)ethyl) ethane-1-ammonium chloride to get organo OMt-I, OMt-II and OMt- III respectively. The three modified clays were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermo gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X - Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques. The three modified OMts were utilized to reclaim Cr (VI) from wastewater and batch adsorption studies were conducted with various operational parameters such as initial Cr (VI) concentration, pH, amount of adsorbent dosage and agitation rate. The effect of pH on the adsorption of Cr (VI) indicates that the adsorption was favorable in the pH range of 6. As the amount of adsorbent dosage increases, the efficiency in the removal of Cr (VI) ions increases. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm best fitted with the experimental isotherm data. The results show that the modified Mt has a good affinity toward the reclamation of Cr (VI) ion and the degree of the efficacy was in the order of the surfactant modified OMt III > OMt II > OMt I. This can be attributed to the increasing hydrophobic chain length of cationic surfactants.
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Abbreviations
- Mt:
-
: Montmorillonite Clay
- NaOH:
-
: Sodium Hydroxide
- HCl:
-
: Hydrochloric acid
- FT-IR:
-
: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
- SEM:
-
: Scanning Electron Microscope
- XRD:
-
: X-ray Diffraction
- C∘ :
-
: Initial concentration of herbicide (mg/L)
- Ce:
-
: Concentration of herbicide at equilibrium (mg/L)
- qe :
-
: Amount of herbicide adsorbed at equilibrium (mg/L)
- V:
-
: Volume of aqueous solution in liters (L)
- M:
-
: Mass of the adsorbent (g)
- q:
-
: Amount of metal ions adsorbed per unit mass of adsorbent (mg/g)
- qmax(qm):
-
: Measure of adsorption capacity of adsorbent (mg/g)
- b:
-
: Langmuir Constant which is a measure of energy adsorption
- RL :
-
: Dimensionless Separation Factor
- 1/n:
-
: Adsorption Intensity
- R:
-
: Universal Gas Constant (8.314 J/mol/K)
- R2 :
-
: Linear Regression Coefficient
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Acknowledgments
We thank the DST- FIST, Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering Guindy, Anna University, Chennai – 600 025, India for providing lab facilities. We offer our special thanks to University Grants Commission for the financial support to carry out the research work.
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Jemima, W.S., Magesan, P., Chiranjeevi, P. et al. Sorption Properties of Organo Modified Montmorillonite Clay for the Reclamation of Chromium (VI) from Waste Water. Silicon 11, 925–933 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-018-9887-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-018-9887-z