Abstract
Lean NOx trap (LNT) catalyst has been used to reduce NOx emissions from diesel engines. The LNT absorbs NOx in lean condition and discharges N2 by reducing NOx in rich conditions. Thus, it is necessary to make exhaust gas lean or rich conditions for controlling LNT system. For making a rich condition, a secondary injector was adopted to inject a diesel fuel into the exhaust pipe. In the case of secondary injector, the behavior of spray is easily affected by high temperature (i.e., 250 ∼ 350 °C) occurred in the exhaust manifold. Therefore, it is needed to investigate the spray behavior of diesel fuel injected into an exhaust manifold, as well as the conversion characteristics for a lean NOx trap of a diesel engine with LNT catalyst. The characteristics of exhaust emissions in NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) mode were analyzed and spray behaviors were visualized in various exhaust gas conditions. The results show that as the exhaust gas mass flow increases, the spray cone angle becomes broad and the fuel is directed to the flow field. Besides, the cone angle of spray is decreased by centrifugal force caused in exhaust gas flow field. In addition, the effects of nozzle installation degree, injection quantity, and exhaust gas flow on NOx conversion performance were clarified.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Alimin, A., Benjamin, S. and Roberts, C. (2009). Lean NOx trap study on a light-duty diesel engine using fast-response emission. Int. J. Engine Research 10,3, 149–164.
Arcoumanis, C., Hadjiapostolou, A. and Whitelaw, J. (1991). Flow and combustion in a hydra direct-injection diesel engine. SAE Paper No. 910177.
Chaves, H. and Hentschel, W. (1996). In cylinder high speed and stroboscopic video observation of spray development in a DI diesel engine. SAE Paper No. 961206.
Cronhjort, A. and Wahlin, F. (2004). Segmentation algorithm for diesel spray image analysis. Applied Optics 43, 32, 5971–5980.
Han, M. and Lee, B. (2015). Control oriented model of a lean NOx trap for the catalyst regeneration in a 2.2 L direct injection diesel engine. Int. J. Automotive Technology 16, 3, 371–378.
Heywood, J. B. (1988). Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals. McGraw-Hill. New York, USA.
Hiroyasu, H. and Arai, M. (1990). Structures of fuel sprays in diesel engines. SAE Paper No. 900475.
Jeong, H. and Lee, K. (2006). Investigation of the relationship between liquid characteristics and spray mean diameter. 19th Annual Conf. Liquid Atomization and Spray System.
Kang, J., Bae, C. and Lee, K. (2003). Initial development of nonevaporating diesel sprays in common-rail injection systems. Int. J. Engine Research 4, 4, 283–298.
Ko, S., Oh, K., Seo, C. and Lee, C. (2014). Charateristics on NOx adsorption and intermediates of LNT catalyst. Int. J. Automotive Technology 15, 3, 347–352.
Lee, B., Song, J., Chang, Y. and Jeon, C. (2010). Effect of the number of fuel injector holes on characteristics of combustion and emissions in a diesel engine. Int. J. Automotive Technology 11, 6, 783–791.
Lee, K. and Reitz, R. (2004). Investigation of spray characteristics from a low-pressure common rail injector for use in a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine. Measurement Science Technology 15, 3, 509–519.
Nam, G., Park, J., Lee, J. and Yeo, G. (2007). The effect of an external fuel injection on the control of LNT system the diesel NOx reduction system. SAE Paper No. 2007-01-1242.
Oh, J., Lee, K. and Jeong, H. (2008a). Study on the spray behavior and diesel fuel distribution characteristics of a secondary injector for a lean NOx trap catalyst. Energy & Fuels 22, 3, 1527–1534.
Oh, J., Lee, K. and Lee, J. (2008b). A study on the optimal injection conditions for an HC-LNT catalyst system with a 12-hole type injector. J. Thermal Science and Technology 3, 2, 278–291.
Oh, J. and Lee, K. (2014). Spray characteristics of a urea solution injector and optimal mixer location to improve droplet uniformity and NOx conversion efficiency for selective catalytic reduction. Fuel, 119, 90–97.
Park, J., Lee, S., Lee, H., Park, J., Lee, J. and Kim, H. (2010). Development of control logic and optimization of catalyst in DeNOx system with secondary injection for Euro 6. SAE Paper No. 2010-01-1067.
Shao, J., Yan, Y., Greeves, G. and Smith, S. (2003). Quantitive characterization of diesel sprays using digital imaging techniques. Measurement Science Technology 14, 7, 1110–1116.
Shoji, A., Kamamoshita, S., Watanabe, T. and Tanaka, T. (2004). Development of a simultaneous reduction system of NOx and particulate matter for light-duty truck. SAE Paper No. 2004-01-0579.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Park, S., Oh, J. & Lee, K. Investigation on Spray Behavior and NOx Conversion Characteristic of a Secondary Injector for a Lean NOx Trap Catalyst. Int.J Automot. Technol. 19, 199–207 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-018-0019-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-018-0019-y