Abstract
Many different types of elastomeric rings have been developed to suit various needs in industry. The X-ring was introduced as a result of the limitations of O-rings that twist, especially during dynamic application. A better understanding of the behavior and the stress distribution of the X-ring under a uniform squeeze rate and internal pressure is needed. We analyzed the contact stresses and internal stresses developed in an X-ring before and after forcing-out by using the photoelastic experimental hybrid method, ascertained the packing ability of an X-ring, and studied the failure criterion of an X-ring under uniform squeeze rate and internal pressure. Forcing-out in the X-ring occurred when the internal pressure was 3.92 MPa. After forcing-out, at an internal pressure of 5.88 MPa, the two lobes on the upper contact surface merged one contact side of the upper side immensely. Even after extrusion of the X-ring, the X-ring can be used to effectively contain the fluid. This is because the effects of extrusion on the X-ring affected the stress distribution of only two lobes close to the assembly gap and the two lobes are merge into one lobe. In addition, our experimental results show that the maximum shear failure criterion is suitable for the prediction of failure in X-ring seals.
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Recommended by Associate Editor Heung Soo Kim
Jai-Sug Hawong received the B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Yeungnam University in Korea in 1974, the M.S. degree from Yeungnam University in 1976, and the Ph.D. degree from Kanto Gakuin University in Japan in 1990. He is currently a Professor in the School of Mechanical Engineering at Yeungnam University in Gyeongsan City, Korea. He served as President of the Korea Society of Mechanical Engineering. Professor Hawong’s research interests include static and dynamic fracture mechanics, stress analysis, experimental mechanics for stress analysis, and composite materials.
Dong-Chul Shin received the B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Yeungnam University in 1995, 1997, and 2001, respectively. He studied at the University of Tokyo, Japan as a Post-Doctoral Fellow from 2005 to 2007. He is currently a Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Koje College, Korea. His research interests include static and dynamic fracture mechanics, stress analysis, and fracture criteria of piezoelectric ceramics.
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Bernard, A.O., Hawong, JS., Shin, DC. et al. Contact behavior analysis of elastomeric x-ring under uniform squeeze rate and internal pressure before and after forcing-out using the photoelastic experimental hybrid method. J Mech Sci Technol 29, 2157–2168 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-015-0436-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-015-0436-z