Abstract
Optical vortices carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have attracted extensive attention in recent decades because of their interesting applications in optical trapping, optical machining, optical communication, quantum information, and optical microscopy. Intriguing effects induced by OAMs, such as angular momentum conversion, spin Hall effect of light (SHEL), and spin–orbital interaction, have also gained increasing interest. In this article, we provide an overview of the modulations of OAMs on the propagation dynamics of scalar and vector fields in free space. First, we introduce the evolution of canonical and noncanonical optical vortices and analyze the modulations by means of local spatial frequency. Second, we review the Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phases arising from spin–orbital interaction and reveal the control of beam evolution referring to novel behavior such as spindependent splitting and polarization singularity conversion. Finally, we discuss the propagation and focusing properties of azimuthally broken vector vortex beams.
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Acknowledgments
This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant Nos. 11634010, 11404262, 61675168, U1630125 and 61377035); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 3102015ZY057); and Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of North-western Polytechnical University (No. CX201629).
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Peng Li is currently an Associate Professor at the School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an, China. He received the Ph.D. degree in Optical Engineering from the Department of Applied Physics at NPU in 2013. His research interests include structured optical fields, nanophotonics, and multi-core fibers. He has published more than 30 technical papers in optics related fields.
Sheng Liu received the Ph.D. degree in Optical Engineering from the Department of Applied Physics at Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) of China in 2011. He is currently an Associate Professor at the School of Science, NPU, Xi’an, China. His research interests include generation and modulation of optical fields, photonic lattices, and spatial solitons. He has published more than 50 technical papers in optics related fields.
Yi Zhang received the B.S. degree in Optical Information Science and Technology from the Department of Applied Physics at Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) of China in 2013. He is currently a Ph.D. student in Optical Engineering at the School of Science, NPU, China. His research interests include complex light fields, optical spin-orbital interaction. He has published 13 technical papers in optics related fields.
Lei Han received the B.S. degree in Optical Information Science and Technology from the Department of Applied Physics at Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) of China in 2014. He is currently a Ph.D. student in Optical Engineering at the School of Science, NPU, China. His research work focuses on the focusing properties of spatial structured light fields and its applications. Now he is visiting the National University of Singapore as a joint Ph.D. student funded by China Scholarship Council.
Dongjing Wu received the B.S. degree in Optical Information Science and Technology from the Department of Applied Physics at Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) of China in 2016. He is currently working toward the M.S. degree in Optical Engineering in NPU, China. His research work focuses on the construction of spatial structured light fields with longitudinally varying polarization.
Huachao Cheng received the B.S. degree in Optical Information Science and Technology from the Department of Applied Physics at Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) of China in 2015. He is now a Ph.D. student at the School of Science, NPU, China. His research interests are mainly in exploring the interaction between structured femtosecond pulses and materials.
Shuxia Qi received the B.S. degree in Applied Physics from Northeastern University of China in 2016. She is currently a master student at the School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China. Her research interests are mainly in constructing complex light fields, efficiently generating vector beams and exploring its spatial evolution.
Xuyue Guo received the B.S. degree in Optical Information Science and Technology from the Department of Applied Physics at Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) of China in 2017. He is currently a Ph.D. student at the School of Science, NPU, China. His research interests are mainly in exploring the focusing properties of vector beams and multifocal array.
Jianlin Zhao is now a Professor at the School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China. Prof. Zhao received his Ph.D. degree in Optics from the Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in 1998. Prof. Zhao is also the director of the Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology and the MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions. He has published over 480 journal and international conference papers in the fields of digital holography, light field control and information processing, nonlinear optics, micro-nano photonics and optical fiber sensors.
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Li, P., Liu, S., Zhang, Y. et al. Modulation of orbital angular momentum on the propagation dynamics of light fields. Front. Optoelectron. 12, 69–87 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-017-0743-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-017-0743-3