Abstract
Although quercetin inhibits melanogenesis, it is cytotoxic at high concentrations. Recent studies have actively investigated carriers for the controlled release of functional drugs at desired concentrations. In this study, porous hydrogel carriers were prepared using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and gellan gum for the controlled release of quercetin, which acts as a whitening agent. The physical properties and release characteristics of quercetin from HPMC and gellan gum were measured. In a toxicity test using B16F10 melanoma cells, quercetin decreased cell viability at concentrations above 20 µM. Therefore, we used the HPMC (H)/gellan gum (G) hydrogel with H1/G9, H2/G8, H3/G7, H4/G6, and H5/G5 (w/w) ratios at a final solid content of 4% to control quercetin release at a non-cytotoxic level. Stiffness of the hydrogel increased, and the pore size became finer with a higher gellan gum content. Quercetin release rate from the HPMC/gellan gum hydrogel decreased with increasing content of gellan gum; for example, the release rate of quercetin from the H1/G9 hydrogel was approximately half of that from the H5/G5 hydrogel. These results suggest that the HPMC/gellan hydrogel may be a useful delivery vehicle to release quercetin, a whitening agent, at non-cytotoxic concentrations.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
M. Brenner and V. J. Hearing, Photochem. Photobiol., 84, 539 (2008).
M.-H. Choi and H.-J. Shin, Cosmetics, 3, 18 (2016).
T. Fujii and M. Saito, Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 73, 1989 (2009).
H. Grasdalen and O. Smidsrød, Carbohydr. Polym., 7, 371 (1987).
S. C. Joshi, Materials, 4, 1861 (2011).
I. Kubo and I. Kinst-Hori, J. Agric. Food Chem., 47, 4121 (1999).
D. W. Lamson and M. S. Brignall, Alternative Medicine Review: A J. Clinical Therapeutics, 5, 196 (2000).
J.-W. Lin, H.-M. Chiang, Y.-C. Lin and K.-C. Wen, J. Food Drug Anal., 16, 75 (2008).
K. Mitchell, J. L. Ford, D. J. Armstrong, P. N. Elliott, C. Rostron and J. E. Hogan, Int. J. Pharm., 66, 233 (1990).
T. Osmałek, A. Froelich and S. Tasarek, Int. J. Pharm., 466, 328 (2014).
M. I. Rendon and J. I. Gaviria, Dermatol. Surg., 31, 886 (2005).
N. Sarkar, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 24, 1073 (1979).
J. Siepmann, H. Kranz, R. Bodmeier and N. Peppas, Pharm. Res., 16, 1748 (1999).
J. Siepmann and N. A. Peppas, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 64, 163 (2012).
K. S. Soppirnath and T.M. Aminabhavi, Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 53, 87 (2002).
S. Srivastava, R. R. Somasagara, M. Hegde, M. Nishana, S. K. Tadi, M. Srivastava, B. Choudhary and S. C. Raghavan, Sci. Rep., 6, 1 (2016).
A. Taïeb, M. Cario-André, S. Briganti and M. Picardo, Melanins and melanosomes: Biosynthesis, structure, physiological and pathological functions, Wiley-Blackwell, Weinheim, Germany (2011).
Y. Tang, J. Sun, H. Fan and X. Zhang, Carbohydr. Polym., 88, 46 (2012).
J. S. Varghese, N. Chellappa and N. N. Fathima, Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces, 113, 346 (2014).
C. Wasmeier, A. N. Hume, G. Bolasco and M. C. Seabra, J. Cell Sci., 121, 3995 (2008).
Y. M. Yang, Y. O. Son, S. A. Lee, Y. M. Jeon and J. C. Lee, Phytotherapy Res., 25, 1166 (2011).
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by the Inha University Research Grant, Korea.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Conflict of Interest
The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, S., Song, M., Lee, M. et al. Controlled release of quercetin from HPMC/gellan gum hydrogel for inhibiting melanogenesis in murine melanoma cells. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 40, 337–343 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1269-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-022-1269-y