Abstract
We determined the effects of quartz sand (QS), water treatment plant sludge (WTPS), aluminum-based P-inactivation agent (Al-PIA), and lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) thin-layer capping on controlling phosphorus and nitrogen release from the sediment, using a static simulation experiment. The sediment in the experiment was sampled from Yundang Lagoon (Xiamen, Fujian Province, China), which is a eutrophic waterbody. The total phosphorus (TP), ammonium nitrogen (NH +4 -N), and total organic carbon (TOC) levels in the overlying water were measured at regular intervals, and the changes of different P forms in WTPS, Al-PIA, and sediment of each system were analyzed before and after the test. The average TP reduction rates of LMB, Al-PIA, WTPS, and QS were 94.82, 92.14, 86.88, and 10.68%, respectively, when the release strength of sediment TP was 2.26–9.19 mg/(m2·d) and the capping strength of the materials was 2 kg/m2. Thin-layer capping of LMB, WTPS, and Al-PIA could effectively control P release from the sediment (P < 0.05). However, thin-layer capping of LMB, Al-PIA, and QS did not significantly reduce the release of ammonium N and organic matter (P > 0.05). Based on our results, LMB, Al-PIA, and WTPS thin-layer capping promoted the migration and transformation of easily released P in sediment. The P adsorbed by WTPS and Al-PIA mainly occurred in the form of NAIP.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Cai O, Xiong Y, Yang H, Liu J, Wang H (2020). Phosphorus transformation under the influence of aluminum, organic carbon, and dissolved oxygen at the water-sediment interface: A simulative study. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 14(3): 12
Ding S M, Sun Q, Chen X, Liu Q, Wang D, Lin J, Zhang C S, Tsang D C W (2018). Synergistic adsorption of phosphorus by iron in lanthanum modified bentonite (Phoslock®): New insight into sediment phosphorus immobilization. Water Research, 134: 32–43
Douglas G B, Hamilton D P, Robb M S, Pan G, Spears B M, Lurling M (2016). Guiding principles for the development and application of solid-phase phosphorus adsorbents for freshwater ecosystems. Aquatic Ecology, 50(3): 385–105
Haghseresht F, Wang S B, Do D D (2009). A novel lanthanum-modified bentonite, Phoslock, for phosphate removal from wastewaters. Applied Clay Science, 46(4): 369–375
Hauduc H, Takács I, Smith S, Szabo A, Murthy S, Daigger G T, Spérandio M (2015). A dynamic physicochemical model for chemical phosphorus removal. Water Research, 73: 157–170
He H, Yu Q, Lai C, Zhang C, Liu M, Huang B, Pu H, Pan X (2021). The treatment of black-odorous water using tower bipolar electroflocculation including the removal of phosphorus, turbidity, sulfion, and oxygen enrichment. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 15(2): 18
Hou Q J, Meng P P, Pei H Y, Hu W R, Chen Y (2018). Phosphorus adsorption characteristics of alum sludge: Adsorption capacity and the forms of phosphorus retained in alum sludge. Materials Letters, 229: 31–35
Huang C C, Wang X L, Yang H, Li Y M, Wang Y H, Chen X, Xu L J (2014). Satellite data regarding the eutrophication response to human activities in the plateau lake Dianchi in China from 1974 to 2009. Science of the Total Environment, 485–486: 1–11
Ichihara M, Nishio T (2013). Suppression of phosphorus release from sediments using water clarifier sludge as capping material. Environmental Technology, 34(15): 2291–2299
Ippolito J A, Barbarick K A, Elliott H A (2011). Drinking water treatment residuals: a review of recent uses. Journal of Environmental Quality, 40(1): 1–12
Ippolito J A, Barbarick K A, Heil D M, Chandler J P, Redente E F (2003). Phosphorus retention mechanisms of a water treatment residual. Journal of Environmental Quality, 32(5): 1857–1864
Li S W, Zhou Z M, Yang S M, Liu S P, Li F, Yuan B L (2019). The efficiency of controlling the phosphorus release from the sediment using calcined modified water purification plant sludge (C-WTPS). Journal of Lake Science, 31(4): 961–968
Li Z F, Jiang N, Wu F F, Zhou Z (2013). Experimental investigation of phosphorus adsorption capacity of the waterworks sludges from five cities in China. Ecological Engineering, 53: 165–172
Liu Q D, Zhou Z M, Zhang H Z, Fei L X, Xie B J, Li S W, Yuan B L (2019). Phosphorus removal characteristics of calcined water treatment plant sludge. Environmental Chemistry, 38(02): 325–333
Lürling M, Mackay E, Reitzel K, Spears B M (2016). A critical perspective on geo-engineering for eutrophication management in lakes. Water Research, 97: 1–10
Okuda T, Nishijima W, Sugimoto M, Saka N, Nakai S, Tanabe K, Ito J, Takenaka K, Okada M (2014). Removal of coagulant aluminum from water treatment residuals by acid. Water Research, 60: 75–81
Pan G, Dai L C, Li L, He L C, Li H, Bi L, Gulati R D (2012). Reducing the recruitment of sedimented algae and nutrient release into the overlying water using modified soil/sand flocculation-capping in eutrophic lakes. Environmental Science & Technology, 46(9): 5077–5084
Powers S M, Robertson D M, Stanley E H (2014). Effects of lakes and reservoirs on annual river nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment export in agricultural and forested landscapes. Hydrological Processes, 28(24): 5919–5937
Ruban V, López-Sánchez J F, Pardo P, Rauret G, Muntau H, Quevauviller P (1999). Selection and evaluation of sequential extraction procedures for the determination of phosphorus forms in lake sediment. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 1(1): 51–56
Ministry of Environmental Protection of China (2002). Determination Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater, 4th ed. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press (in Chinese)
Tu L Y, Jarosch K A, Schneider T, Grosjean M (2019). Phosphorus fractions in sediments and their relevance for historical lake eutrophication in the Ponte Tresa Basin (Lake Lugano, Switzerland) since 1959. Science of the Total Environment, 685: 806–817
Waajen G, Van Oosterhout F, Douglas G, Lürling M (2016). Management of eutrophication in Lake De Kuil (The Netherlands) using combined flocculant: Lanthanum modified bentonite treatment. Water Research, 97: 83–95
Wang C H, Gao S J, Pei Y S, Zhao Y Q (2013). Use of drinking water treatment residuals to control the internal phosphorus loading from lake sediments: Laboratory scale investigation. Chemical Engineering Journal, 225: 93–99
Wang C H, Jiang H L (2016). Chemicals used for in situ immobilization to reduce the internal phosphorus loading from lake sediments for eutrophication control. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 46(10): 947–997
Wang C H, Pei Y S (2011). Characteristics of orthophosphate adsorption on ferric-alum residuals (FARs) from drinking water treatment plant. Environmental Sciences, 32(8): 2371–2377
Wang J L, Fu Z S, Qiao H X, Liu F X (2019). Assessment of eutrophication and water quality in the estuarine area of Lake Wuli, Lake Taihu, China. Science of the Total Environment, 650: 1392–1402
Wu T F, Qin B Q, Brookes J D, Yan W M, Ji X Y, Feng J (2019a). Spatial distribution of sediment nitrogen and phosphorus in Lake Taihu from a hydrodynamics-induced transport perspective. Science of the Total Environment, 650: 1554–1565
Wu Z H, Wang S R, Ji N N (2019b). Phosphorus (P) release risk in lake sediment evaluated by DIFS model and sediment properties: A new sediment P release risk index (SPRRI). Environmental Pollution, 255: 113279
Yang Y, Zhao Y Q, Babatunde A O, Wang L, Ren Y X, Han Y (2006). Characteristics and mechanisms of phosphate adsorption on dewatered alum sludge. Separation and Purification Technology, 51(2): 193–200
Ye G, Chou L M, Hu W (2014). The role of an integrated coastal management framework in the long-term restoration of Yundang Lagoon, Xiamen, China. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 57(11): 1704–1723
Yin H B, Wang J F, Zhang R Y, Tang W Y (2019). Performance of physical and chemical methods in the co-reduction of internal phosphorus and nitrogen loading from the sediment of a black odorous river. Science of the Total Environment, 663: 68–77
Zhan Y H, Yu Y, Lin J W, Wu X L, Wang Y, Zhao Y Y (2019). Simultaneous control of nitrogen and phosphorus release from sediments using iron-modified zeolite as capping and amendment materials. Journal of Environmental Management, 249: 109369
Zhou Z M, Liu Q D, Li S W, Li F, Zou J, Liao X B, Yuan B L, Sun W J (2018). Characterizing the correlation between dephosphorization and solution pH in a calcined water treatment plant sludge. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 25(19): 18510–18518
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Fund of China (Grant No. 51878300), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (Grant No. 2019J01052) and Project of production, study and research of colleges and universities of Xiamen City (Grant No. 3502Z20203044).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Highlights
• Lanthanum modified bentonite (LMB) can effectively absorb phosphorus (P).
• Water treatment plant sludge (WTPS) capping is effective for controlling P release.
• Aluminum-based P-inactivation agent (Al-PIA) is an efficient P control material.
• The P adsorbed by WTPS and Al-PIA is mainly in the form of NAIP.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhou, Z., Lin, C., Li, S. et al. Four kinds of capping materials for controlling phosphorus and nitrogen release from contaminated sediment using a static simulation experiment. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 16, 29 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-021-1463-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-021-1463-x