Abstract
The resolution of seismic data is critical to seismic data processing and the subsequent interpretation of fine structures. In conventional resolution improvement methods, the seismic data is assumed stationary and the noise level not changes with space, whereas the actual situation does not satisfy this assumption, so that results after resolution improvement processing is not up to the expected effect. To solve these problems, we propose a seismic resolution improvement method based on the secondary time–frequency spectrum. First, we propose the secondary time-frequency spectrum based on S transform (ST) and discuss the reflection coefficient sequence and time-dependent wavelet in the secondary time–frequency spectrum. Second, using the secondary time–frequency spectrum, we design a twodimensional filter to extract the amplitude spectrum of the time-dependent wavelet. Then, we discuss the improvement of the resolution operator in noisy environments and propose a novel approach for determining the broad frequency range of the resolution operator in the time–frequency–space domain. Finally, we apply the proposed method to synthetic and real data and compare the results of the traditional spectrum-modeling deconvolution and Q compensation method. The results suggest that the proposed method does not need to estimate the Q value and the resolution is not limited by the bandwidth of the source. Thus, the resolution of the seismic data is improved sufficiently based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to the seismic wave propagation and imaging research group at the Department of Geophysics, China University of Petroleum (East China) for help. We would like to thank Prof. Wang Yan-Chun, Prof. Tong Si-You, and Prof. Xu Xiu-Gang for constructive criticism.
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This research was financially supported by the National 973 Project (No. 2014CB239006), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41104069 and 41274124) and the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities (No. R1401005A).
Wang De-Ying is a Postdoctoral fellow at the Bureau of Geophysical Prospecting, China National Petroleum Corporation. He received his M.S. in Earth Exploration and Information Technology from China University of Petroleum (East China) in 2011. In 2014, he received his Ph.D. in Geological Resources and Geological Engineering from China University of Petroleum (East China). His research interests are seismic data denoizing and resolution enhancement.
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Wang, DY., Huang, JP., Kong, X. et al. Improving the resolution of seismic traces based on the secondary time–frequency spectrum. Appl. Geophys. 14, 236–246 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11770-017-0616-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11770-017-0616-y