Abstract
In this study, a novel diagonally inserted bar-type basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) connector was proposed, aiming to achieve both construction convenience and partially composite behavior in precast concrete sandwich panels (PCSPs). First, pull-out tests were conducted to evaluate the anchoring performance of the connector in concrete after exposure to different temperatures. Thereafter, direct shear tests were conducted to investigate the shear performance of the connector. After the test on the individual performance of the connector, five façade PCSP specimens with the bar-type BFRP connector were fabricated, and the out-of-plane flexural performance was tested under a uniformly distributed load. The investigating parameters included the panel length, opening condition, and boundary condition. The results obtained in this study primarily indicated that 1) the bar-type BFRP connector can achieve a reliable anchorage system in concrete; 2) the bar-type BFRP connector can offer sufficient stiffness and capacity to achieve a partially composite PCSP; 3) the boundary condition of the panel considerably influenced the out-of-plane flexural performance and composite action of the investigated façade PCSP.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Committee PCI. PCI Design Handbook. 7th ed. Chicago, IL: Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute, 2010
Committee PCI. State of the art of precast/prestressed concrete sandwich wall panels. PCI Journal, 2011, 56(2): 131–176
Bush T D, Stine G L. Flexural behavior of composite precast concrete sandwich panels with continuous truss connectors. PCI Journal, 1994, 39(2): 112–121
Kinnane O, West R, Hegarty R O. Structural shear performance of insulated precast concrete sandwich panels with steel plate connectors. Engineering Structures, 2020, 215: 110691
Salmon D C, Tadros M K, Culp T. A new structurally and thermally efficient precast sandwich panel system. PCI Journal, 1994, 39(4): 90–101
Woltman G, Tomlinson D, Fam A. Investigation of various GFRP shear connectors for insulated precast concrete sandwich wall panels. Journal of Composites for Construction, 2013, 17(5): 711–721
Choi K B, Choi W C, Feo L, Jang S J, Yun H D. In-plane shear behavior of insulated precast concrete sandwich panels reinforced with corrugated GFRP shear connectors. Composites. Part B, Engineering, 2015, 79: 419–429
Pantelides C P, Surapaneni R, Reaveley L D. Structural performance of hybrid GFRP/steel concrete sandwich panels. Journal of Composites for Construction, 2008, 12(5): 570–576
Jawdhari A, Fam A, Kadhim M. Thermal bowing of reinforced concrete sandwich panels using time-domain coupled-field finite element analysis. Engineering Structures, 2022, 252: 113592
Norris T G, Chen A. Development of insulated FRP-confined Precast Concrete Sandwich panel with side and top confining plates and dry bond. Composite Structures, 2016, 152: 444–454
Chen A, Norris T G, Hopkins P M, Yossef M. Experimental investigation and finite element analysis of flexural behavior of insulated concrete sandwich panels with FRP plate shear connectors. Engineering Structures, 2015, 98: 95–108
Huang J, Jiang Q, Chong X, Ye X, Wang D. Experimental study on precast concrete sandwich panel with cross-shaped GFRP connectors. Magazine of Concrete Research, 2020, 72(3): 149–162
Huang J Q, Dai J G. Direct shear tests of glass fiber reinforced polymer connectors for use in precast concrete sandwich panels. Composite Structures, 2019, 207: 136–147
Lameiras R, Barros J, Valente I B, Azenha M. Development of sandwich panels combining fibre reinforced concrete layers and fibre reinforced polymer connectors. Part I: Conception and pull-out tests. Composite Structures, 2013, 105: 446–459
Dutta D, Jawdhari A, Fam A. A new studded precast concrete sandwich wall with embedded glass-fiber-reinforced polymer channel sections: Part 1, experimental study. PCI Journal, 2020, 65(3): 78–99
Jawdhari A, Fam A. A new studded precast concrete sandwich wall with embedded glass-fiber-reinforced polymer channel sections: Part 2, finite element analysis and parametric studies. PCI Journal, 2020, 65(4): 51–70
Frankl B A, Lucier G W, Hassan T K, Rizkalla S H. Behavior of precast, prestressed concrete sandwich wall panels reinforced with CFRP shear grid. PCI Journal, 2011, 56(2): 42–54
Hassan T K, Rizkalla S H. Analysis and design guidelines of precast, prestressed concrete, composite load-bearing sandwich wall panels reinforced with CFRP grid. PCI Journal, 2010, 55(2): 147–162
Kazem H, Bunn W G, Seliem H M, Rizkalla S H, Gleich H. Durability and long term behavior of FRP/foam shear transfer mechanism for concrete sandwich panels. Construction & Building Materials, 2015, 98: 722–734
Kim J H, You Y C. Composite behavior of a novel insulated concrete sandwich wall panel reinforced with GFRP shear grids: Effects of insulation types. Materials (Basel), 2015, 8(3): 899–913
Choi I, Kim J H, Kim H R. Composite behavior of insulated concrete sandwich wall panels subjected to wind pressure and suction. Materials (Basel), 2015, 8(3): 1264–1282
Choi I, Kim J H, You Y C. Effect of cyclic loading on composite behavior of insulated concrete sandwich wall panels with GFRP shear connectors. Composites. Part B, Engineering, 2016, 96: 7–19
Shams A, Horstmann M, Hegger J. Experimental investigations on textile-reinforced concrete (TRC) sandwich sections. Composite Structures, 2014, 118: 643–653
O’Hegarty R, West R, Reilly A, Kinnane O. Composite behaviour of fibre-reinforced concrete sandwich panels with FRP shear connectors. Engineering Structures, 2019, 198: 109475
Huang J Q, Dai J G. Flexural performance of precast geopolymer concrete sandwich panel enabled by FRP connector. Composite Structures, 2020, 248: 112563
Rolland A, Quiertant M, Khadour A, Chataigner S, Benzarti K, Argoul P. Experimental investigations on the bond behavior between concrete and FRP reinforcing bars. Construction and Building Materials, 2018, 173: 136–148
Yoshitake I, Tsuda H, Itose J, Hisabe N. Effect of discrepancy in thermal expansion coefficients of CFRP and steel under cold temperature. Construction & Building Materials, 2014, 59: 17–24
Zhang J, Huang Z, Li Z, Yan P, Zhang P. Temperature fields of external walls of different thermal insulation placements. Journal of Harbin Engineering University, 2009, 30(12): 1356–1365 (In Chinese)
Signorini C, Sola A, Malchiodi B, Nobili A, Gatto A. Failure mechanism of silica coated polypropylene fibres for Fibre Reinforced Concrete (FRC). Construction & Building Materials, 2020, 236: 117549
Zhou Z, Qiao P. Bond behavior of epoxy-coated rebar in ultra-high performance concrete. Construction & Building Materials, 2018, 182: 406–417
Choi I, Kim J H, Kim D W, Park J S. Effects of grid-type shear connector arrangements used for insulated concrete sandwich wall panels with a low aspect ratio. Journal of Building Engineering, 2022, 46: 103754
Hou H, Wang W, Qu B, Dai C. Testing of insulated sandwich panels with GFRP shear connectors. Engineering Structures, 2020, 209:109954
Hibbit H D, Karlsson B I, Sorensen E P. ABAQUS User Manual, Version 6.12. Providence, RI: Simulia, 2012
ACI 318M-05. Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary. Farmington Hills, MI: American Concrete Institute, 2005
Acknowledgements
The research in this paper was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51878233), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. JZ2021HGTA0164), from the Key Research and Development Project of Anhui Province, China (No. 202104a07020022), and from Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. 2208085QE172).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Huang, J., Jiang, Q., Chong, X. et al. Structural performance of a façade precast concrete sandwich panel enabled by a bar-type basalt fiber-reinforced polymer connector. Front. Struct. Civ. Eng. 17, 122–137 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-022-0894-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-022-0894-1