Abstract
The interaction between the aggregation-induced emissive (AIE) luminogens (AIEgen) and the polymer is the key scientific question in the design of functional AIE hydrogels. In this study, we report the AIE behavior of a poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc) and poly(acrylamide) (PAAm) interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogel doped with tetra-cationic tetraphenylethene (TCTPE). The cationic AIEgen can bind with PAAc through ionic interaction, while PAAc and PAAm chains can associate with each other through hydrogen-bonds (H-bonds). These two interactions can restrict the intramolecular rotation and thus activate the luminescence of the AIEgen. The PAAc-PAAm H-bonds can be broken by increasing temperature or pH, restoring the intramolecular rotation of the AIEgen and quenching the fluorescence of the hydrogel. Therefore, the TCTPE-doped IPN hydrogel is designed as temperature- and pH-sensitive displayers which can record information imprinted by photo-printing or iono-printing with good switchability and reversibility. Another application of this TCTPE-doped hydrogel is demonstrated as a luminescent soft actuator, which has fast shape deformation and editable fluorescence pattern. The above results reveal a pathway to tune the emission behavior through tuning polymer-polymer and polymer-AIEgen interactions, which may inspire new design strategies of aggregation-induced emissive polymers and broaden their applications.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22075154, 21604044), Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LY19B040001) and Ningbo Public Welfare Science and Technology Project (2019C50072).
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Lighten up by hydrogen-bonding: luminescence behavior and applications of AIEgen-dopped interpenetrating network hydrogel
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Xu, M., Hua, L., Gong, L. et al. Lighted up by hydrogen-bonding: luminescence behavior and applications of AIEgen-doped interpenetrating network hydrogel. Sci. China Chem. 64, 1770–1777 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-021-1056-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-021-1056-4