Abstract
Lysosomes function as important organelles within cells and their movement associates with diverse biological events, hence the real-time tracking of lysosomal movement is of great significance. However, since most lysosome fluorescent probes suffer from relatively unsatisfactory photostability, tracking lysosomal movement in real-time remains challenging. Here, we report that a naphthalimide-based fluorescent compound, namely NIMS, is a quite promising probe for lysosome imaging. The visualizing mechanism lies in the selective accumulation of NIMS in lysosomes via a protonation reaction, followed by the fluorescence enhancement due to the interactions of NIMS with proteins. Owing to its high selectivity and good photostability, NIMS was successfully applied to capture super-resolution fluorescence images of lysosomes. More importantly, real-time tracking of lysosome movement in a single living cell by NIMS was realized with a confocal laser scanning microscope. Surprisingly, even in normal culture conditions, around 2/3 of the captured lysosomes were observed to move within 5 min, indicative of the highly dynamic features of lysosomes. Thus, this probe may facilitate the understanding of the lysosome dynamics in physiological or pathological conditions.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Turk B, Turk D, Turk V. Biochim Biophys Acta, 2000, 1477: 98–111
Turk V, Turk B, Turk D. EMBO J, 2001, 20: 4629–4633
Jedeszko C, Sloane BF. Biol Chem, 2004, 385: 1017–1027
Fehrenbacher N, Jäättelä M. Cancer Res, 2005, 65: 2993–2995
Korolchuk VI, Saiki S, Lichtenberg M, Siddiqi FH, Roberts EA, Imarisio S, Jahreiss L, Sarkar S, Futter M, Menzies FM, O’Kane CJ, Deretic V, Rubinsztein DC. Nat Cell Biol, 2011, 13: 453–460
Teter K, Chandy G, Quiñones B, Pereyra K, Machen T, Moore HPH. J Biol Chem, 1998, 273: 19625–19633
Hu Q, Bally MB, Madden TD. Nucleic Acids Res, 2002, 30: 3632–3641
Hanaki K, Momo A, Oku T, Komoto A, Maenosono S, Yamaguchi Y, Yamamoto K. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2003, 302: 496–501
Ho YM, Au NPB, Wong KL, Chan CTL, Kwok WM, Law GL, Tang KK, Wong WY, Ma CHE, Lam MHW. Chem Commun, 2014, 50: 4161–4163
Grossi M, Morgunova M, Cheung S, Scholz D, Conroy E, Terrile M, Panarella A, Simpson JC, Gallagher WM, O’Shea DF. Nat Commun, 2016, 7: 10855
Fan F, Nie S, Yang D, Luo M, Shi H, Zhang YH. Bioconjugate Chem, 2012, 23: 1309–1317
Zhang X, Wang C, Han Z, Xiao Y. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2014, 6: 21669–21676
Yu F, Wang Y, Zhu W, Huang Y, Yang M, Ai H, Lu Z. RSC Adv, 2014, 4: 36849–36853
Zhu W, Chai X, Wang B, Zou Y, Wang T, Meng Q, Wu Q. Chem Commun, 2015, 51: 9608–9611
Zhu H, Fan J, Xu Q, Li H, Wang J, Gao P, Peng X. Chem Commun, 2012, 48: 11766–11768
Wan Q, Chen S, Shi W, Li L, Ma H. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2014, 53: 10916–10920
Zhang XF, Zhang T, Shen SL, Miao JY, Zhao BX. J Mater Chem B, 2015, 3: 3260–3266
Liu X, Su Y, Tian H, Yang L, Zhang H, Song X, Foley JW. Anal Chem, 2017, 89: 7038–7045
Freundt EC, Czapiga M, Lenardo MJ. Cell Res, 2007, 17: 956–958
Hirano Y, Matsuda A, Hiraoka Y. Microscopy, 2015, 64: 237–249
Hou SG, Liang L, Deng SH, Chen JF, Huang Q, Cheng Y, Fan CH. Sci China Chem, 2014, 57: 100–106
Zhou J, Yu G, Huang F. J Mater Chem B, 2016, 4: 7761–7765
Gu X, Zhao E, Zhao T, Kang M, Gui C, Lam JWY, Du S, Loy MMT, Tang BZ. Adv Mater, 2016, 28: 5064–5071
Thompson AD, Bewersdorf J, Toomre D, Schepartz A. Biochemistry, 2017, 56: 5194–5201
Zheng X, Zhu W, Ni F, Ai H, Yang C. Sens Actuators B, 2018, 255: 3148–3154
Wang S, Deng S, Cai X, Hou S, Li J, Gao Z, Li J, Wang L, Fan C. Sci China Chem, 2016, 59: 1519–1524
Changou CA, Wolfson DL, Ahluwalia BS, Bold RJ, Kung HJ, Chuang FYS. J Vis Exp, 2013, e50047
Choi H, Son JB, Kang J, Kwon J, Kim JH, Jung M, Kim SK, Kim S, Mun JY. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2017, 493: 1129–1135
Wu L, Li X, Ling Y, Huang C, Jia N. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2017, 9: 28222–28232
Zheng X, Zhu W, Ai H, Huang Y, Lu Z. Tetrahedron Lett, 2016, 57: 5846–5849
Lin G, Zhu W, Yang L, Wu J, Lin B, Xu Y, Cheng Z, Xia C, Gong Q, Song B, Ai H. Biomaterials, 2014, 35: 9495–9507
Du J, Zhu W, Yang L, Wu C, Lin B, Wu J, Jin R, Shen T, Ai H. Regen Biomater, 2016, 3: 223–229
Lei Z, Zhu W, Xu S, Ding J, Wan J, Wu P. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2016, 8: 20900–20908
Zheng X, Zhu W, Liu D, Ai H, Huang Y, Lu Z. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2014, 6: 7996–8000
Horobin RW. Color Technol, 2014, 130: 155–173
Suzuki Y, Yokoyama K. J Am Chem Soc, 2005, 127: 17799–17802
Sunahara H, Urano Y, Kojima H, Nagano T. J Am Chem Soc, 2007, 129: 5597–5604
Zhang Y, Yue X, Kim B, Yao S, Bondar MV, Belfield KD. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2013, 5: 8710–8717
Dey G, Gupta A, Mukherjee T, Gaur P, Chaudhary A, Mukhopadhyay SK, Nandi CK, Ghosh S. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2014, 6: 10231–10237
Luo S, Lin J, Zhou J, Wang Y, Liu X, Huang Y, Lu Z, Hu C. J Mater Chem C, 2015, 3: 5259–5267
Zheng X, Peng Q, Lin J, Wang Y, Zhou J, Jiao Y, Bai Y, Huang Y, Li F, Liu X, Pu X, Lu Z. J Mater Chem C, 2015, 3: 6970–6978
Milo R. BioEssays, 2013, 35: 1050–1055
Labrousse AM, Meunier E, Record J, Labernadie A, Beduer A, Vieu C, Ben Safta T, Maridonneau-Parini I. Front Immun, 2011, 2: 51
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2013CB933903) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (81621003, 21372168, 24672156, 51173117, 51573108).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Electronic supplementary material
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhu, W., Zheng, X., Huang, Y. et al. Super-resolution imaging and real-time tracking lysosome in living cells by a fluorescent probe. Sci. China Chem. 61, 483–489 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-017-9194-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-017-9194-6