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Advancement in optical and dielectric properties of unsaturated polyester resin/zinc oxide nanocomposite: synthesis to application in electronics

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Abstract

In this study, nanocomposites of different concentrations of zinc oxide nanoparticles impregnated with unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) were fabricated through the hand lay-up method. The amorphous behavior and granular morphology of synthesized ZnO/UPR nanocomposite were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra illustrated a discrepancy in band intensities ascribed to the agglomeration of nanoparticles with the polymer. The UV–visible results demonstrated the redshift in the prepared nanocomposite initiated by the connections of nanoparticles with polymer chains, with a notable decrease in band gap energy from 3.37 to 3.15 eV as the filler concentration increased. As the content of zinc oxide increased, the agglomeration of nanoparticles in the matrix scattered the light, reducing the transmittance to nearly zero at wavelengths ranging from 200 to 370 nm for the 6% ZnO sample. Impedance spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the dielectric properties, tan loss, and ac conductivity of ZnO/UPR nanocomposite increased with the concentration of zinc oxide nanoparticles and temperature (ranging from 30 to 130 °C). Specifically, the dielectric constant of the sample with 6% zinc oxide reached 538, compared to 154 for pure UPR at 130 °C. These observations confirmed that the ZnO/UPR nanocomposite can be employed as UV-shielding materials and in optical and dielectric applications.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding of the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia, through project number: (RG24-M033).

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Author notes

  1. Hadia Noor and Umar Farooq have equally contributed to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan

    Hadia Noor, Atia Zafar, Ali Raza & Abdul Baqi

  2. Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan

    Umar Farooq

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, College of Applied Industrial Technology, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammad Ehtisham Khan & Wahid Ali

  4. Chemistry Division, Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box. 114, Jazan, 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Syed Kashif Ali

  5. Nanotechnology Research Unit, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box. 114, Jazan, 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Syed Kashif Ali

  6. Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, P. O. Box 114, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia

    Abdullateef H. Bashiri & Waleed Zakri

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  1. Hadia Noor
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Contributions

H. Noor: conceptualization, writing-original draft, review & editing; A. Zafar: conceptualization, writing-original draft, review & editing; A. Raza: writing-original draft, review & editing; A. Baqi: software, validation, writing-original draft, review & editing; U. Farooq: conceptualization, writing-original draft, review & editing; M. E. Khan: supervision; review & editing, resources, and funding acquisition; W. Ali: software; resources; validation; review & editing; S. K. Ali: software; resources; validation; review & editing; A. H. Bashiri: resources; validation; review & editing; W. Zakri: resources; validation; review & editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammad Ehtisham Khan.

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Noor, H., Zafar, A., Raza, A. et al. Advancement in optical and dielectric properties of unsaturated polyester resin/zinc oxide nanocomposite: synthesis to application in electronics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 1598 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-13357-y

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