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Improving phase transformation and superconducting performance of Bi-2223 tapes via Cu addition

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Abstract

Chemical composition plays a significant role in high-performance Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ high-temperature superconductors (Bi-2223 HTS). Particularly, the Cu element can influence phase transformation, thus the superconducting performance in the Bi-2223 system. The precursor powders with different x wt.% Cu addition content (x = 0, 1, 2, and 3) were fabricated using the spray pyrolysis (SP) method. Bi-2223 single-filamentary tapes were fabricated by the powder-in-tube process (PIT) using precursor powders with different Cu addition content. The influences of Cu addition content on the phase formation, microstructural, and superconducting performance of Bi-2223 tapes have been investigated. With the increase of Cu addition content, Bi-2223 phase formation activation energy decreases from 16293.6 to 8173.2 kJ/mol. This indicates that the addition of Cu can promote the formation of Bi-2223 phase. The highest Bi-2223 phase content is obtained with 1% Cu addition. The improved inter-grain connection could be attributed to both higher phase content and larger grain size. Therefore, the maximum critical current (Ic) of 50 A at 77 K was achieved. On the other hand, the Tconset can be improved to 112 K in 2% Cu addition. The change of Tconset can be attributed to the formation of a nearly tetragonal lattice with proper composition. The results may also be applicable to the fabrication of multi-filamentary Bi-2223/Ag tapes with higher current capacity.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by National Key Research and Development Program: No. 2022YFE03150101, Northwest Institute of Non-ferrous Metal Research Funding: No. YK2112, Qinchuangyuan Program: No.QCYRCXM-2022-273, Open Funding from Joint Laboratory on Power Superconducting Technology of China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd. (Grant No. GDDKY2022KF04).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, 710055, China

    Hao Cao & Yaru Cui

  2. Superconducting Materials Research Center, Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi’an, 710016, China

    Hao Cao, Shengnan Zhang, Jiaxin Chang, Lei Zhi, Botao Shao, Xueqian Liu, Jixing Liu, Chengshan Li & Pingxiang Zhang

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Contributions

HC: Investigation, formal analysis, writing-original draft, writing-review & editing. SZ: Methodology, funding acquisition, resources, writing-original draft, writing-review & editing. YC: Supervision, resources, writing-review & editing. JC and LZ: investigation, formal analysis, writing-original draft. HC, BS, and XL: contributed to the sample fabrication and processing. JL: Validation, data curation. CL: Project administration, supervision. PZ: Project administration, supervision.

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Correspondence to Shengnan Zhang or Yaru Cui.

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Cao, H., Zhang, S., Chang, J. et al. Improving phase transformation and superconducting performance of Bi-2223 tapes via Cu addition. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 1478 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-13232-w

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