Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Role of natural extracts on the synthesis and properties of semiconductor nanoparticles of ZnO applied in water treatment by photocatalytic processes

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

One of the most pressing issues that the world is currently facing is water contamination. Photocatalysis using semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) is a promising and potential alternative for water treatment. In this research, zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs were synthesized using Ternstroemia pringlei Rose (FT), Turnera diffusa Willd (DC), and Agastache mexicana (TM) extracts, as an eco-friendly approach. The properties of ZnO NPs were evaluated by different characterization techniques. According to XRD patterns, a hexagonal Wurtzite structure was achieved for all syntheses. FTIR spectra exhibited stretching vibrations of the Zn–O bond at 397 cm−1, which indicates the formation of ZnO. The bandgap was found to vary depending on the extract source. Furthermore, PL spectra showed UV and visible emission associated with free exciton and structural defects in ZnO. A quasi-spherical shape and sizes of less than 20 nm were releveled by SEM and TEM. ZnO NPs, using DC and TM extracts, demonstrated and highlighted the influence in the efficient degradation of Methylene blue (MB), Malachite green (MG), and Congo red (CR); however, the Rhodamine B (RB) and methyl orange (MO), presented a slow degradation independent of the extract used for ZnO synthesis. The green method using FT, DC, and TM extracts offers a suitable route for ZnO production with promising applications in sustainable water treatment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

All data included in this study are available upon request by contact with the corresponding author.

References

  1. A. Vijeata, G.R. Chaudhary, S. Chaudhary, A. Umar, Chemosphere 341, 139946 (2023)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. R. Mohammadi-Aloucheh, A. Habibi-Yangjeh, A. Bayrami, S. Latifi-Navid, A. Asadi, Artif. Cells Nanomed. Biotechnol. 46, 1 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Smart Text. Their Appl. 401 (2016)

  4. V.V. Gawade, S.B. Teli, S.R. Sabale, R.V. Dhabbe, K.S. Dhanavade, K.M. Garadkar, Res. Chem. Intermed. 50, 323 (2024)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. A. Bhosale, A. Gophane, J. Kadam, S. Sabale, K. Sonawane, K. Garadkar, Opt. Mater. 136, 113392 (2023)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. A. Wibowo, M. Agung Marsudi, M. Ikhlasul Amal, M. Bagas Ananda, R. Stephanie, H. Ardy, L. Jaya Diguna, RSC Adv. 10, 42838 (2020)

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. F. Zhou, Y. Li, Y. Tang, F. Gao, W. Jing, Y. Du, F. Han, Ceram. Int. 48, 14395 (2022)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. A.A. Ibrahim, P. Tiwari, M.S. Al-Assiri, A.E. Al-Salami, A. Umar, R. Kumar, S.H. Kim, Z.A. Ansari, S. Baskoutas, Materials 10, 795 (2017)

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. A. El Golli, M. Fendrich, N. Bazzanella, C. Dridi, A. Miotello, M. Orlandi, J. Environ. Manag. 286, 112226 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  10. J.M. Aquino, R.C. Rocha-Filho, L.A.M. Ruotolo, N. Bocchi, S.R. Biaggio, Chem. Eng. J. 251, 138 (2014)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. T. Reemtsma, M. Jekel, Organic Pollutants in the Water Cycle: Properties, Occurrence, Analysis and Environmental Relevance of Polar Compounds (Wiley, New York, 2006)

    Google Scholar 

  12. A. Rafiq, M. Ikram, S. Ali, F. Niaz, M. Khan, Q. Khan, M. Maqbool, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 97, 111 (2021)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. C. Zhao, A. Zhou, Y. Dou, J. Zhou, J. Bai, J.-R. Li, Chem. Eng. J. 416, 129155 (2021)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. I. Ahmad, Y. Zou, J. Yan, Y. Liu, S. Shukrullah, M.Y. Naz, H. Hussain, W.Q. Khan, N.R. Khalid, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 311, 102830 (2023)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. L.A. Chanu, K.J. Singh, K.N. Devi, Mater. Chem. Phys. 303, 127832 (2023)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. R. Saravanan, M. Mansoob Khan, V.K. Gupta, E. Mosquera, F. Gracia, V. Narayanan, A. Stephen, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 452, 126 (2015)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. R. Mueller, L. Mädler, S.E. Pratsinis, Chem. Eng. Sci. 58, 1969 (2003)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. A. Hamdan, D.E. Abiad, M.S. Cha, Plasma Chem. Plasma Process. 41, 1647 (2021)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. N. Salah, S.S. Habib, Z.H. Khan, A. Memic, A. Azam, E. Alarfaj, N. Zahed, S. Al-Hamedi, Int. J. Nanomed. 6, 863 (2011)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. S.I. Dolgaev, A.V. Simakin, V.V. Voronov, G.A. Shafeev, F. Bozon-Verduraz, Appl. Surf. Sci. 186, 546 (2002)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. D.-H. Chen, X.-R. He, Mater. Res. Bull. 36, 1369 (2001)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. M.J. Rosemary, T. Pradeep, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 268, 81 (2003)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. J.A. Darr, J. Zhang, N.M. Makwana, X. Weng, Chem. Rev. 117, 11125 (2017)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. L. Shen, Y. Qiao, Y. Guo, S. Meng, G. Yang, M. Wu, J. Zhao, Ceram. Int. 40, 1519 (2014)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. W. Zhang, X. Qiao, J. Chen, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 142, 1 (2007)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. O.J. Nava, C.A. Soto-Robles, C. Gómez, A. Vilchis-Nestor, A. Castro-Beltrán, A. Olivas, P. Luque, J. Mol. Struct. 1147, 1–6 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. L. Hernández-Morales, H. Espinoza-Gómez, L.Z. Flores-López, E.L. Sotelo-Barrera, A. Núñez-Rivera, R.D. Cadena-Nava, G. Alonso-Núñez, K.A. Espinoza, Appl. Surf. Sci. 489, 952 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  28. H. Abdelhakim, E.-S. El-Sayed, F. Rashidi, J. Appl. Microbiol. 128, 747–762 (2020)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. M. Ebadi, M.R. Zolfaghari, S.S. Aghaei, M. Zargar, M. Shafiei, H.S. Zahiri, K.A. Noghabi, RSC Adv. 9, 23508 (2019)

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  30. S. Azizi, M.B. Ahmad, F. Namvar, R. Mohamad, Mater. Lett. 116, 275 (2014)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. G. Nagaraju, H. Nagabhushana, D. Suresh, C. Anupama, G.K. Raghu, S.C. Sharma, Ceram. Int. 43, 11656 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  32. J.L. López-Miranda, B.L. España Sánchez, R. Esparza, M. Estévez, Mater. Chem. Phys. 289, 126453 (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  33. S. Jafarirad, M. Mehrabi, B. Divband, M. Kosari-Nasab, Mater. Sci. Eng. C 59, 296 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. H. Chemingui, T. Missaoui, J.C. Mzali, T. Yildiz, M. Konyar, M. Smiri, N. Saidi, A. Hafiane, H.C. Yatmaz, Mater. Res. Express 6, 1050b4 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. H. Abdul Salam, R. Sivaraj, R. Venckatesh, Mater. Lett. 131, 16 (2014)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. N. Matinise, X.G. Fuku, K. Kaviyarasu, N. Mayedwa, M. Maaza, Appl. Surf. Sci. 406, 339 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. F. Mohammadi Arvanag, A. Bayrami, A. Habibi-Yangjeh, S. Rahim Pouran, Mater. Sci. Eng. C 97, 397 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. M.A. Ansari, M. Murali, D. Prasad, M.A. Alzohairy, A. Almatroudi, M.N. Alomary, A.C. Udayashankar, S.B. Singh, S.M.M. Asiri, B.S. Ashwini, H.G. Gowtham, N. Kalegowda, K.N. Amruthesh, T.R. Lakshmeesha, S.R. Niranjana, Biomolecules 10, E336 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Q.P. Pham, Q.N. Le Nguyen, N.H. Nguyen, U.T.T. Doan, T.D.T. Ung, V.C. Tran, T.B. Phan, A.T.T. Pham, N.K. Pham, Ceram. Int. 49, 20742 (2023)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. A.G. Kaningini, S. Azizi, N. Sintwa, K. Mokalane, K.C. Mohale, F.N. Mudau, M. Maaza, ACS Omega 7, 31658 (2022)

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  41. M. Bashir, F. Majid, R. Sabir, A. Falak, B.S. Khan, T. Mahmood, A.M. Fouda, A. Ali, Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng. 45, 1993 (2022)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. D.J. Lim, N.A. Marks, M.R. Rowles, Carbon 162, 475 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. K.M. Eswari, S. Asaithambi, M. Karuppaiah, P. Sakthivel, V. Balaji, D.K. Ponelakkia, R. Yuvakkumar, P. Kumar, N. Vijayaprabhu, G. Ravi, Ceram. Int. 48, 33624 (2022)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. V.V. Gawade, N.L. Gavade, H.M. Shinde, S.B. Babar, A.N. Kadam, K.M. Garadkar, J. Mater. Sci. 28, 14033 (2017)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. K. Mageswari, P. Prabukanthan, J. Madhavan, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 30, 40174 (2023)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. M. Nilavukkarasi, S. Vijayakumar, S. Prathipkumar, Mater. Sci. Energy Technol. 3, 335 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. R.V. Quevedo-Robles, A.R. Vilchis-Nestor, P. Luque, Environ. Prog. Sustain Energy 45, e14152 (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  48. N. Krishnamoorthy, V.S. Sivasankarapillai, V.K. Natarajan, G.E. Eldesoky, S.M. Wabaidur, M. Eswaran, R. Dhanusuraman, Biochem. Eng. J. 192, 108818 (2023)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. D.A. Bopape, D.E. Motaung, N.C. Hintsho-Mbita, Optik 251, 168459 (2022)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. N. Bhalla, N. Ingle, A. Jayaprakash, H. Patel, S.V. Patri, D. Haranath, Arab. J. Chem. 16, 104506 (2023)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. C. Ragavendran, C. Kamaraj, K. Jothimani, A. Priyadharsan, D. Anand Kumar, D. Natarajan, G. Malafaia, Sustain Mater. Technol. 36, e00597 (2023)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. U. Manojkumar, D. Kaliannan, V. Srinivasan, B. Balasubramanian, H. Kamyab, Z.H. Mussa, J. Palaniyappan, M. Mesbah, S. Chelliapan, S. Palaninaicker, Chemosphere 323, 138263 (2023)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. K.K. Taha, A. Modwi, M.R. Elamin, R. Arasheed, A.J. Al-Fahad, I. Albutairi, H. Arasheed, M. Alfaify, K. Anojaidi, F.K. Algethami, A. Bagabas, J. Photochem. Photobiol. Chem. 390, 112263 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. G. Rashidian, C.C. Lazado, H.H. Mahboub, R. Mohammadi-Aloucheh, M.D. Prokić, H.S. Nada, C. Faggio, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22, 3270 (2021)

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  55. J. López-López, A. Tejeda-Ochoa, A. López-Beltrán, J. Herrera-Ramírez, P. Méndez-Herrera, Molecules 27, 6 (2021)

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  56. H. Bishwakarma, R. Tyagi, N. Kumar, A.K. Das, Environ. Res. 218, 115021 (2023)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. T.S. Aldeen, H.E. AhmedMohamed, M. Maaza, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 160, 110313 (2022)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. J. Li, Y. Li, H. Wu, S. Naraginti, Y. Wu, Environ. Res. 200, 111433 (2021)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Z. Sabouri, R. Kazemi Oskuee, S. Sabouri, S.S. Tabrizi Hafez Moghaddas, S. Samarghandian, H. Sajid Abdulabbas, M. Darroudi, Ceram. Int. 49, 20989 (2023)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. K. Singh, G. Singh, J. Singh, Environ. Res. 219, 114952 (2023)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. S.M.B. Asdaq, N. Nayeem, Abida, Md. T. Alam, S. I. Alaqel, Mohd. Imran, E.-W. E. Hassan, S.I. Rabbani, Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 29, 1456 (2022)

  62. A. Muthuvel, M. Jothibas, C. Manoharan, J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 8, 103705 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. S.M. Mahdi Ismail, S.M. Ahmed, A.F. Abdulrahman, M.A. AlMessiere, J. Mol. Struct. 1280, 135063 (2023)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Y.-H. Jia, P. Gong, S.-L. Li, W.-D. Ma, X.-Y. Fang, Y.-Y. Yang, M.-S. Cao, Phys. Lett. A 384, 126106 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. S.T. Karam, A.F. Abdulrahman, Photonics 9, 594 (2022)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. M. Muthu Kathija, M. Sheik Muhideen Badhusha, V. Rama, Appl. Surf. Sci. Adv. 15, 100400 (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  67. T. Jaithon, T. Atichakaro, W. Phonphoem, J. T-Thienprasert, T. Sreewongchai, N.P. T-Thienprasert, Heliyon 10, e24076 (2024)

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  68. C. Murugesan, A. Pasupathi, A. Paul Blessington Selvadurai, B. Palanisamy, Y. Subramaniam, Ceram. Int. S0272884223010568 (2023)

  69. A. Dumbrava, C. Matei, A. Diacon, F. Moscalu, D. Berger, Ceram. Int. 49, 10003 (2023)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. P. Gong, Y.-Y. Yang, W.-D. Ma, X.-Y. Fang, X.-L. Jing, Y.-H. Jia, M.-S. Cao, Phys. E 128, 114578 (2021)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. V. Dhiman, N. Kondal, P. Choudhary, Environ. Res. 216, 114751 (2023)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. A. Reyes-Gracia, J. Alberto Alvarado, R. Pérez-Cuapio, H. Juárez, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 290, 116335 (2023)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. T. Bhuyan, K. Mishra, M. Khanuja, R. Prasad, A. Varma, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 32, 55 (2015)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. A.A. Alshehri, M.A. Malik, J. Mater. Sci. 30, 16156 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. J.F. Li, E.J. Rupa, J. Hurh, Y. Huo, L. Chen, Y. Han, J. Chan Ahn, J.K. Park, H.A. Lee, R. Mathiyalagan, D.-C. Yang, Optik 183, 691 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. M.A. Bhatti, A. Tahira, A.A. Hullio, U. Aftab, A. Nafady, B. Vigolo, Z.H. Ibupoto, J. Mater. Sci. 34, 929 (2023)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. J.K. Park, E.J. Rupa, M.H. Arif, J.F. Li, G. Anandapadmanaban, J.P. Kang, M. Kim, J.C. Ahn, R. Akter, D.C. Yang, S.C. Kang, Optik 239, 166249 (2021)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. N. Hokonya, C. Mahamadi, N. Mukaratirwa-Muchanyereyi, T. Gutu, C. Zvinowanda, Heliyon 8, e10277 (2022)

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  79. J. Gaur, K. Vikrant, K.-H. Kim, S. Kumar, M. Pal, R. Badru, S. Masand, J. Momoh, Mater. Today Sustain. 22, 100339 (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  80. S. Chakraborty, J.J. Farida, R. Simon, S. Kasthuri, N.L. Mary, Surf. Interfaces 19, 100488 (2020)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. A. Bhosale, J. Kadam, T. Gade, K. Sonawane, K. Garadkar, J. Indian Chem. Soc. 100, 100920 (2023)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. V.V. Gawade, S.R. Sabale, R.S. Dhabbe, K.M. Garadkar, J. Mater. Sci. 34, 138 (2023)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. H.A. Elbadawy, A.F. Elhusseiny, S.M. Hussein, W.A. Sadik, Sci. Rep. 13, 2302 (2023)

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  84. P.B. Sreelekshmi, R.R. Pillai, S. Unnimaya, A.L. Anju, A. P. Meera, Clean Technol. Environ. Policy (2023)

  85. A. Fouda, E. Saied, A.M. Eid, F. Kouadri, A.M. Alemam, M.F. Hamza, M. Alharbi, A. Elkelish, S.E.-D. Hassan, J. Funct. Biomater. 14, 205 (2023)

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Quevedo-Robles R. V., reiterates great appreciation to Consejo Nacional de Humanidades Ciencia y Tecnología (CONAHCyT) for postdoctoral scholarship during this research. The authors thank the projects of the Autonomous University of Baja California (UABC) 402/3391 and 402/3751, as well as 402/1/C/58/24. This research was funded by the Frontera Science Project with number CF-2023-I-1805 of CONAHCyT. Thanks to the Convocatoria Movilidad Académica 2023-UABC. The authors acknowledge to Dr. Uvaldo Hernández and B.Sc. María Citlalit Martínez Soto for technical assistance during this work.

Funding

This research was funded by the Frontera Science Project with number CF-2023-I-1805 of CONAHCyT.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, C.P. 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico

    Reina Vianey Quevedo Robles & Priscy Alfredo Luque Morales

  2. Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra, Universita della Calabria, CAP, Rende, 87036, Cosenza, Italy

    Daniela Santana Camacho

  3. Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, C.P. 50200, Toluca, Mexico

    Alfredo Rafael Vilchis Nestor

Authors
  1. Reina Vianey Quevedo Robles
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Daniela Santana Camacho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Alfredo Rafael Vilchis Nestor
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Priscy Alfredo Luque Morales
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Reina Vianey Quevedo-Robles investigation, conceptualization, methodology, writing—original draft, and writing—review & editing. Daniela Santana Camacho investigation, methodology, and writing—review & editing. Alfredo Rafael Vilchis Nestor methodology and visualization. Priscy Alfredo Luque Morales investigation, project administration, writing—review & editing, and validation.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Priscy Alfredo Luque Morales.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Ethical approval

This study does not involve experiments on human tissues.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Quevedo Robles, R.V., Santana Camacho, D., Vilchis Nestor, A.R. et al. Role of natural extracts on the synthesis and properties of semiconductor nanoparticles of ZnO applied in water treatment by photocatalytic processes. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 757 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-12505-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-12505-8

Search

Navigation