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Unsolved Problems in Acoustic Cavitation

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Handbook of Ultrasonics and Sonochemistry

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Abstract

It has long been believed that the main oxidant created inside a bubble at the bubble collapse in aqueous solutions under strong ultrasound is OH radical. However, numerical simulations of chemical reactions inside an air bubble in water indicate that the main oxidant is not always OH radical but sometimes H2O2 or O atom. The lifetime of O atom in the gas–liquid interface region is, however, unknown partly due to unknown temperature in the region. It has been experimentally reported that the upper levels of OH vibration are overpopulated inside a sonoluminescing bubble compared to the equilibrium Boltzmann distribution from the analysis of OH line spectra in SL. However, the reason is unknown although it could be due to the excitation through chemical reactions. The acoustic field inside a sonochemical reactor is also not fully understood because bubbles strongly attenuate ultrasound and radiate acoustic waves into the liquid. The spatial distribution of bubbles is strongly inhomogeneous. The number density of bubbles temporally changes due to fragmentation, coalescence, and dissolution. The liquid surface vibrates under ultrasound. The vibration of the container’s wall also affects the acoustic field because acoustic waves are radiated from the vibrating walls. The bubble–bubble interaction on pulsation of a bubble is also discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2266-98 Anagahora, Shimoshidami, Moriyama-ku, 463-8560, Nagoya, Japan

    Kyuichi Yasui

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  1. Kyuichi Yasui
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Correspondence to Kyuichi Yasui .

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  1. School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Muthupandian Ashokkumar

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Yasui, K. (2015). Unsolved Problems in Acoustic Cavitation. In: Ashokkumar, M. (eds) Handbook of Ultrasonics and Sonochemistry. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-470-2_1-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-470-2_1-1

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  • Online ISBN: 978-981-287-470-2

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