Skip to main content

The Minben Meritocratic State’s Impact on Contemporary Political Culture

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Long East Asia

Part of the book series: Governing China in the 21st Century ((GC21))

  • 146 Accesses

Abstract

The premodern Chinese state maintained strengths and continuity with a minben-meritocratic belief system. This belief system continues to reproduce itself into the contemporary era and becomes a vibrant factor affecting the public's political beliefs and attitudes. This chapter proposes a theory of political culture that puts the minben-meritocratic beliefs at the center, and shows its stronger explanatory power to two main patterns of political trust in China, i.e. how and why the Chinese public show such a high level of trust in their government, especially the central/national government, and why they trust different levels of government differently. The chapter calls the conventional theories of political culture, that is, the postmaterialist theory and the “critical citizens” thesis, into question when applied to the study of political trust in China.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bai, Tongdong. “Against Political Equality.” Against Political Equality (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bai, Tongdong. “主权在民, 治权在贤: 儒家之混合政体及其优越性.” 文史哲, no.3 (2013): 12–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boix, Carles, and Susan C. Stokes. “Endogenous Democratization.” World Politics 55.4 (2003): 517–549.

    Google Scholar 

  • Almond, Gabriel, and Sidney Verba. “The Civic Culture.” Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations (Sage, 1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, Daniel A. “The China Model.” The China Model (Princeton University Press, 2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, Daniel, and Pei Wang. “Just Hierarchy.” Just Hierarchy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2020).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Easton, David. A Systems Analysis of Political Life (New York: Wiley, 1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan, Joseph. Confucian Perfectionism: A Political Philosophy for Modern Times (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Xueyi, and Tianjian Shi. “Media Effects on Political Confidence and Trust in the People’s Republic of China in the post-Tiananmen Period.” East Asia 19.3 (2001): 84–118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chu, Yun-han. “Sources of Regime Legitimacy and the Debate Over the Chinese Model.” China Review (2013): 1–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crozier, Michel Samuel P. Huntington, and Joji Watanuki, The Crisis of Democracy (New York: Russell J. Dalton, Democratic Challenges, Democratic Choices: The Erosion of Political Support in Advanced Industrial Democracies [Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2004]; New York University Press, 1975).

    Google Scholar 

  • Easton, David. “A Re-assessment of the Concept of Political Support.” British Journal of Political Science 5.4 (1975): 435–457.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, Lawrence E., and Samuel P. Huntington. (Eds.). Culture Matters: How Values Shape Human Progress (New York: Basic Books, 2000).

    Google Scholar 

  • Inkeles, Alex, and David H. Smith. Becoming Modern: Individual Change in Six Developing Countries (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1974).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Inglehart, Ronald. Culture Shift in Advanced Industrial Society (Princeton University Press, 1990).

    Google Scholar 

  • Inglehart, Ronald. Modernization and Postmodernization: Cultural, Economic, and Political Change in 43 Societies (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Inglehart, Ronald, and Christian Welzel. Modernization, Cultural Change, and Democracy the Human Development Sequence (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jie, Chen. Popular Political Support in Urban China (Washington, DC: Stanford, CA: Woodrow Wilson Center Press; Stanford University Press, 2004).

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, Lianjiang. “Political Trust in Rural China.” Modern China 30.2 (2004): 228–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Lianjiang. “The Magnitude and Resilience of Trust in the Center: Evidence from Interviews with Petitioners in Beijing and a Local Survey in Rural China.” Modern China 39.1 (2013): 3–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, Yanxia. "何种信任与为何信任?——当代中国公众政治信任现状与来源的实证分析," [J].公共管理学报 11, no. 2 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lipset, Seymour Martin. “Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy.” American Political Science Review 53.1 (1959): 69–105.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meng, Tianguang. "转型期的中国政治信任: 实证测量与全貌概览," 华中师范大学学报 (人文社会科学版) 52, no. 2 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mishler, William, and Richard Rose. “What Are the Origins of Political Trust? Testing Institutional and Cultural Theories in Post-Communist Societies.” Comparative Political Studies 34.1 (2001): 30–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Norris, Pippa. Critical Citizens: Global Support for Democratic Government (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Pan, Wei. “当代中华体制——中国模式的经济, 政治, 社会解析.” 《中国模式: 解读人民共和国的 60 年》 北京: 中央编译出版社 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  • Prezworski, Adam, and Fernando Limongi. “Modernization: Theories and Facts.” World Politics 49.2 (1997): 155–183.

    Google Scholar 

  • Putnam, Robert D. Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pye, Lucian W. The Spirit of Chinese Politics: A Psychocultural Study of the Authority Crisis in Political Development (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Shi, Tianjian. “Cultural Values and Political Trust: A Comparison of the People’s Republic of China and Taiwan.” Comparative Politics (2001): 401–419.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shi, Tianjian. The Cultural Logic of Politics in Mainland China and Taiwan (Cambridge University Press, 2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • Su, Z., Ye, Y., He, J., & Huang, W. Constructed Hierarchical Government Trust in China: Formation Mechanism and Political Effects. Pacific Affairs 89.4 (2016): 771–794.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tu, Wei-Ming. “Multiple Modernities: A Preliminary Inquiry into the Implications of East Asian Modernity,” in Culture Matters: How Values Shape Human Progress, ed. Lawrence E. Harrison and Samuel P. Huntington (New York: Basic Books, 2000).

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Meer, Tom W. G. “Political Trust and the “Crisis of Democracy”.” Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. 2017

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Zhengxu. “Before the Emergence of Critical Citizens: Economic Development and Political Trust in China.” International Review of Sociology 15.1 (2005a): 155–171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Zhengxu. “Political Trust in China: Forms and Causes,” in Legitimacy: Ambiguities of Political Success or Failure in East and Southeast Asia, ed. Lynn White (2005b), 113–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Zhengxu, and Yu You. “The Arrival of Critical Citizens: Decline of Political Trust and Shifting Public Priorities in China.” International Review of Sociology 26.1 (2016): 105–124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Zhengxu, and Zhao Jianchi. 民本贤能政体与大众政治心理:以政治信任为例[J].开放时代, no. 298.04 (2021):139–156+9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Welzel, Christian, Ronald Inglehart, and Hans‐Dieter Kligemann. “The Theory of Human Development: A Cross‐Cultural Analysis.” European Journal of Political Research 42.3 (2003): 341–379.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Welzel, Christian, and Ronald Inglehart. “Political Culture, Mass Beliefs, and Value Change.” Democratization (2009): 126–144.

    Google Scholar 

  • Xiao, Tangbiao, and Zhao Hongyue. “政治信任的品质对象究竟是什么?——我国民众政治信任的内在结构分析,” 政治学研究, no. 02 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, Kuo-shu. “The Psychological Transformation of the Chinese People as a Result of Societal Modernization.” in The Handbook of Сhinese Psychology, ed. Michael Harris Bond (Hong Kong: Oxford University Press, 1996).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, Dingxin. The Confucian-Legalist State: A New Theory of Chinese History: A New Theory of Chinese History (Oxford University Press, 2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • 孟天广,杨明, “转型期中国县级政府的客观治理绩效与政治信任——从 “经济增长合法性”到 “公共产品合法性”,” 经济社会体制比较, no. 4 (2012).

    Google Scholar 

  • 孟天广,李锋, “政府质量与政治信任: 绩效合法性与制度合法性的假说,”.江苏行政学院学报, no. 6 (2017).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhengxu Wang .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Wang, Z. (2023). The Minben Meritocratic State’s Impact on Contemporary Political Culture. In: Wang, Z. (eds) The Long East Asia. Governing China in the 21st Century. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8784-7_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics