Abstract
The conventional method of predicting earthquakes is based on historical seismic records of earthquake-prone areas that can only provide probabilistic predictions. However, the predictions are limited in terms of precision as one cannot obtain narrow temporal and spatial windows of the impending earthquake occurrence. Hence, a method that detects earthquake precursors, for example, in the form of geomagnetic anomalies, has the potential to overcome the limitation of the conventional method. Additionally, the adoption of processing tools with a graphical user interface is highly advantageous in enabling analyses to be performed more widely. In this chapter, a software package serving as a geomagnetic signal processing system for detecting pre-earthquake anomaly is presented. The software, which was built based on in-house MATLAB code, provides an efficient and intuitive tool in detecting geomagnetic pre-earthquake anomalies and estimating the directions. The anomaly detection method is based on ultralow-frequency polarization ratio analysis, whereas direction estimation is based on the polarization ellipse technique; however, both are widely used in the field of seismo-electromagnetics. As a comprehensive software package, it allows the user to input raw and unextracted geomagnetic field data, select an earthquake of interest within a determined period of observation, and select the signal processing parameters. It also automatically acquires supplemental data including space weather data and earthquake catalog from an online repository. It then processes the data, outputs the graphical results, and sends the results to the user’s email if desired. More specific details including processing principles and features are elaborated in this chapter, along with the presentation of examples of usage and outputs.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia through Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia under the grant FRGS/1/2020/TK0/UKM/01/1. The authors extend their appreciation to the International Center for Space Weather Science and Education, Kyushu University, for providing the MAGDAS geomagnetic field data. MAGDAS geomagnetic field data are available on request from Akimasa Yoshikawa (yoshikawa.akimasa.254@m.kyushu-u.ac.jp). Global geomagnetic indices and earthquake data are publicly available at www.omniweb.gsfc.nasa.gov and www.emsc-csem.org, respectively.
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Yusof, K.A., Abdullah, M., Abdul Hamid, N.S. (2023). Geomagnetic Signal Processing System for Pre-earthquake Anomaly Detection. In: Singh, A. (eds) International Handbook of Disaster Research. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8388-7_47
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