Skip to main content

A Framework for Enhancing Classification in Brain–Computer Interface

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Congress on Intelligent Systems

Abstract

Over the past twenty years, the various merits of brain–computer interface (BCI) have garnered much recognition in the industry and scientific institutes. An increase in the quality of life is the key benefit of BCI utilization. The majority of the published works are associated with the examination and assessment of classification algorithms due to the ever-increasing interest in electroencephalography-based (EEG) BCIs. Yet, another objective is to offer guidelines that aid the reader in picking the best-suited classification algorithm for a given BCI experiment. For a given BCI system, selecting the best-suited classifier essentially requires an understanding of the features to be utilized, their properties, and their practical uses. As a feature extraction method, the common spatial pattern (CSP) will project multichannel EEG signals into a subspace to highlight the variations between the classes and minimize the similarities. This work has evaluated the efficacy of various classification algorithms like Naive Bayes, k-nearest neighbor classifier, classification and regression tree (CART), and AdaBoost for the BCI framework. Furthermore, the work has offered the proposal for channel selection with recursive feature elimination.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. McFarland D, Wolpaw JR (2017) EEG-based brain–computer interfaces. Curr Opinion Biomed Eng 4:194–200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Dias NS, Jacinto LR, Mendes PM, Correia JH (2009) Feature down-selection in brain-computer interfaces. In: 2009 4th international IEEE/EMBS conference on neural engineering. IEEE, pp 323–326

    Google Scholar 

  3. Alotaiby T, Abd El-Samie FE, Alshebeili SA, Ahmad I (2015) A review of channel selection algorithms for EEG signal processing. EURASIP J Adv Signal Process 2015(1):1–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Wang Z, Healy G, Smeaton AF, Ward TE (2018) A review of feature extraction and classification algorithms for image RSVP based BCI. Signal processing and machine learning for brain-machine interfaces, 243–270

    Google Scholar 

  5. Miao Y, Yin F, Zuo C, Wang X, Jin J (2019) Improved RCSP and AdaBoost-based classification for Motor-Imagery BCI. In: 2019 IEEE international conference on computational intelligence and virtual environments for measurement systems and applications (CIVEMSA). IEEE, pp 1–5

    Google Scholar 

  6. Baig MZ, Aslam N, Shum HP (2020) Filtering techniques for channel selection in motor imagery EEG applications: a survey. Artif Intell Rev 53(2):1207–1232

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Xygonakis I, Athanasiou A, Pandria N, Kugiumtzis D, Bamidis PD (2018) Decoding motor imagery through common spatial pattern filters at the EEG source space. Comput Intell Neurosci 2018

    Google Scholar 

  8. AYDEMİR Ö (2016) Common spatial pattern-based feature extraction from the best time segment of BCI data. Turkish J Electric Eng Comput Sci 24(5):3976–3986

    Google Scholar 

  9. Wang J, Feng Z, Lu N (2017) Feature extraction by common spatial pattern in frequency domain for motor imagery tasks classification. In: 2017 29th Chinese control and decision conference (CCDC), IEEE, pp 5883–5888

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ghane P, Braga-Neto U (2020) Comparison of classification algorithms towards subject-specific and subject-independent BCI. arXiv preprint arXiv:2012.12473

  11. Kim JH, Yang YM (2018) An enhanced classification scheme with AdaBoost concept in BCI. J Intell Fuzzy Syst 35(1):63–68

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. http://www.bbci.de/competition/iii/desc_IVa.html

  13. Demarchi L, Kania A, Ciężkowski W, Piórkowski H, Oświecimska-Piasko Z, Chormański J (2020) Recursive feature elimination and random forest classification of natura 2000 grasslands in lowland river valleys of poland based on airborne hyperspectral and LiDAR data fusion. Remote Sens 12(11):1842

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Wang B, Wong CM, Kang Z, Liu F, Shui C, Wan F, Chen CP (2020) Common spatial pattern reformulated for regularizations in brain-computer interfaces. IEEE Trans Cybernetics

    Google Scholar 

  15. Abdullah AK (2020) Brain computer interface enhancement based on stones blind source separation and naive bayes classifier. in: new trends in information and communications technology applications: 4th international conference, NTICT 2020, Baghdad, Iraq, June 15, 2020, Proceedings, vol 1183, Springer Nature, p 17

    Google Scholar 

  16. Ashari A, Paryudi I, Tjoa AM (2013) Performance comparison between Naïve Bayes, decision tree and k-nearest neighbor in searching alternative design in an energy simulation tool. Int J Adv Comput Sci Appl (IJACSA) 4(11)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Chakraborty S, Kumar S, Paul S, Kairi A (2017) A study of product trend analysis of review datasets using Naive Bayes, K-NN and SVM classifiers. Int J Adv Eng Manag 2(9):204–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Alom MK, Islam SMR (2020) Classification for the P300-based brain computer interface (BCI). In: 2020 2nd international conference on advanced information and communication technology (ICAICT). IEEE, pp 387–391

    Google Scholar 

  19. Wyner AJ, Olson M, Bleich J, Mease D (2017) Explaining the success of adaboost and random forests as interpolating classifiers. J Mach Learn Res 18(1):1558–1590

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sanoj Chakkithara Subramanian .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Subramanian, S.C., Daniel, D. (2022). A Framework for Enhancing Classification in Brain–Computer Interface . In: Saraswat, M., Sharma, H., Balachandran, K., Kim, J.H., Bansal, J.C. (eds) Congress on Intelligent Systems. Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies, vol 111. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9113-3_48

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics