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Big Data and Multi-platform Social Media Services in Disaster Management

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International Handbook of Disaster Research

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Abstract

The use of social media today is not only ubiquitous and an integral part of everyday life but is also increasingly relevant before, during, or after emergencies. Data produced in these contexts, such as situational updates and multimedia content, is disseminated across different social media platforms and can be leveraged by various actors, including emergency services or volunteer communities. However, the dissemination of several thousand or even millions of messages during large-scale emergencies confronts analysts with challenges of information quality and overload. Hence, crisis informatics as a research domain seeks to explore and develop systems that support the collection, analysis, and dissemination of valuable social media information in emergencies. This chapter presents the social media API (SMA), which is a multi-platform service for gathering big social data across different social media channels and analyzing the credibility and relevance of collected data by the means of machine learning models. Based on the lessons learned from both the implementation process and user-centered evaluations in multiple emergency settings, this chapter discusses core challenges and potentials of the SMA and similar services, focusing on (1) the multi-platform gathering and management of data, (2) the mitigation of information overload by relevance assessment and message grouping, (3) the assessment of credibility and information quality, and (4) user-centered tailorability and adjustable data operations.

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Acknowledgments

This research was co-funded by the research project CYWARN (Kaufhold et al., 2021b) of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF No. 13N15407), the LOEWE initiative (Hesse, Germany) within the emergenCITY center, and the research project KOKOS of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF No. 13N13559).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Science and Technology for Peace and Security (PEASEC), Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany

    Marc-André Kaufhold & Christian Reuter

  2. Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), University of Siegen, Siegen, NRW, Germany

    Thomas Ludwig

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  1. Marc-André Kaufhold
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  2. Christian Reuter
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  3. Thomas Ludwig
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Correspondence to Christian Reuter .

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  1. Centre for the Study of Law and Governance, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Amita Singh

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  1. Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar

    Ferda Ofli

  2. Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar

    Muhammad Imran

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Kaufhold, MA., Reuter, C., Ludwig, T. (2023). Big Data and Multi-platform Social Media Services in Disaster Management. In: Singh, A. (eds) International Handbook of Disaster Research. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8800-3_172-1

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