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The Potential of Stem Cells in Ocular Treatments

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Handbook of Stem Cell Therapy

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Abstract

Although conventional treatment strategies of drug administration and surgical intervention have been successful in protecting vision loss, however these efforts have been unable to discover a comprehensive approach to prevent the progression of disease in many ocular disorders. In this context, stem cell-based therapies provide an alternative approach to prevent vision loss in instances where conventional treatments have failed. The immune-privileged status and easy accessibility of different tissue of the eye offers several advantages for stem-cell-based therapeutic intervention. The pluripotent stem cells have been used to generate multiple eye cell types including corneal epithelial- and endothelial-cells, retinal pigment-epithelial cells, photoreceptors, retinal ganglion cells, and lens, conjunctival, limbal, and trabecular meshwork cells. Multiple pluripotent stem cell-based clinical trials for the treatment of a wide range of eye diseases are in progress. In this chapter, we review the potential of pluripotent stem cell-derived cells of multiple eye tissues to prevent vision loss by replacing the degenerative cells.

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Abbreviations

AMD:

Age-related macular degeneration

BL:

Bowman’s layer

CE:

Corneal endothelium

DM:

Descemet’s membrane

ESCs:

Embryonic stem cells

iPSCs:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

RGCs:

Retinal ganglion cells

RP:

Retinitis pigmentosa

SEAM:

Self-formed ectodermal autonomous multizone

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    S. Amer Riazuddin, Shahid Y. Khan & Muhammad Ali

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  1. S. Amer Riazuddin
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  2. Shahid Y. Khan
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  3. Muhammad Ali
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Correspondence to S. Amer Riazuddin .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Basic Sciences, Sulaiman AlRajhi University, Al Bukairiyah, Saudi Arabia

    Khawaja H. Haider

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  1. Sulaiman AlRajhi Medical School, Al Bukairiyah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Khawaja Husnain Haider

  2. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    SA Riazuddin

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Riazuddin, S.A., Khan, S.Y., Ali, M. (2022). The Potential of Stem Cells in Ocular Treatments. In: Haider, K.H. (eds) Handbook of Stem Cell Therapy. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6016-0_33-1

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