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Differentiation Biomarkers of Osteoarthritis Determined by Glycoblotting

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Biomarkers in Bone Disease

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Abstract

Drastic structural alteration of the cell surface glycans during cell differentiation can provide clinically potential biomarkers. Recently, there have been substantial advances in our understanding of the importance of the posttranslational protein glycosylations in various biological systems. However, we still do not fully understand the significance and mechanism of the glycoform changes during cellular proliferation and/or malignant alterations detected widely in many human diseases progress due to the difficulty of the structural analysis of highly complicated glycan structures. Moreover, the general and conventional procedures for the glycan analysis need extremely tedious and time-consuming multiple processes to enrich whole glycans directly from heterogeneous biological samples such as blood, body fluids, cultured cells, tissue/organ, and so on. As a result, the therapeutic/diagnostic potential of the dynamic disease-specific alterations in the posttranslational glycosylations has not been well exploited with a few notable exceptions. This chapter describes the advantage of the use of a key technology for the glycan-specific enrichment protocol, namely a “glycoblotting method,” in the discovery research of new class of human osteoarthritis cartilage-related biomarkers indicating the initiation of chondrocyte cell differentiation in the early stage of the cartilage degradation.

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Abbreviations

AQP1:

Aquaporin-1

BOA:

Benzyloxyamine

CHO:

Chinese hamster ovary

ConA:

Concanavalin A

DMB:

1,2-diamino-4,5-methylene-dioxy-benzene

ENPP1:

Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-1

ESCs:

Embryonic stem cells

iPSCs:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

MALDI:

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization

MS:

Mass spectrometry

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stem cells

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

OA:

Osteoarthritis

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

PNGase F:

Peptide N-glycosidase F

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, N21, W11, Kita-ku, 001-0021, Sapporo, Japan

    Shin-Ichiro Nishimura

  2. Shionogi Pharmaceutical Research Center, Shionogi & Co. Ltd., Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan

    Takeshi Ishihara

  3. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Kita-ku, 060-8638, Sapporo, Japan

    Norimasa Iwasaki

Authors
  1. Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
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  2. Takeshi Ishihara
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  3. Norimasa Iwasaki
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Shin-Ichiro Nishimura , Takeshi Ishihara or Norimasa Iwasaki .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sciences Division, King's College, London, United Kingdom

    Victor R. Preedy

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Nishimura, SI., Ishihara, T., Iwasaki, N. (2016). Differentiation Biomarkers of Osteoarthritis Determined by Glycoblotting. In: Preedy, V. (eds) Biomarkers in Bone Disease. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7745-3_50-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7745-3_50-1

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